Summary of the advantages of STM32 over 51 microcontrollers

STM32  8051

Core Cortex-M3, 32Bit@72MHz 51 Core, 8Bit@2MHz Max (after frequency division)

1.25DMIPS 0.06DMIPS

Address space 4GB 64KB

On-chip memory ROM: 20K-1MB 2K-64K

RAM:8K-256K 128B-1K

Peripherals AD, DA, Timer, WWDG, IWDG, three timers and one serial port

CRC, DMA, IIC, SPI, USART, etc.

Development tool UV4, more advanced, and has standard C compiler UV2, which is earlier

Operating system uClinux, uC/OS Basically don't think about running OS.

There are so many advantages. In addition to the hardware advantages, I think the biggest difference is the way the library is developed.

51 has its own advantages:  it is light and convenient to learn, but its speed and functions are not as powerful as STM32  . STM32 is 32-bit and has rich peripheral interfaces, but it is a bit difficult to get started. 51 is c8051, which is faster, but it is 8-bit after all. 51 is mostly von Neumann structure,  STM32 is Harvard structure, and its data processing is very powerful.

STM32 is a version of the ARM core, which is much more advanced than the traditional 51 microcontroller. It has many resources that 51 does not have, such as the USB controller. And it has abolished the machine cycle and so on, and its speed is not comparable to 51

STM32 microcontroller programs are modular and have relatively simple interfaces, because they have many functions and work fast. However, 51 has fewer functions, requires more peripheral components, and requires familiarity with electronics.

The STM32 series is based on the ARM Cortex-M3 core designed for embedded applications that require high performance, low cost and low power consumption. It is divided into two different series according to performance: the STM32F103 "Enhanced" series and the STM32F101 "Basic" series. The clock frequency of the Enhanced series reaches 72MHz, which is the highest performance product in its class; the clock frequency of the Basic series is 36MHz, which has greatly improved performance compared to 16-bit products at the price of 16-bit products, and is the best choice for 16-bit product users. Both series have built-in 32K to 128K flash memory, and the difference is the maximum capacity of SRAM and the combination of peripheral interfaces. When the clock frequency is 72MHz, the code is executed from the flash memory, and the STM32 power consumption is 36mA, which is the lowest power consumption product in the 32-bit market, equivalent to 0.5mA/MHz. The new STM32 Connectivity series microcontrollers add a full-speed USB (OTG) interface, allowing the terminal product to act as both a USB host and a USB slave when connecting to another USB device; it also adds an Ethernet interface with hardware support for the IEEE1588 Precision Time Protocol (PTP). Implementing this protocol in hardware can reduce CPU overhead and improve the response speed of real-time applications and synchronous communication of networked devices. The new interconnection series is also the first product in the STM32 family to integrate two CAN2.0B controllers, allowing developers to develop gateway devices that can connect to two industrial standard CAN (Controller Area Network) buses. In addition, the new series of microcontrollers also supports Ethernet, USB OTG and CAN2.0B peripheral interfaces to work simultaneously, so developers only need one chip to design gateway devices that integrate all these peripheral interfaces. The 　　STM32 interconnection series products have enhanced audio performance and use an advanced phase-locked loop mechanism to achieve audio-level I2S communication. Combined with USB host or slave functions, STM32 can read, decode and output audio signals from external memory (U disk or MP3 player). Designers can also develop human-machine interface (HMI) functions on the new series of microcontrollers, such as play and stop buttons, and display interfaces. This feature makes it suitable for a variety of home audio equipment, such as audio docking systems, alarm clocks/music players, and home theaters. The new series of products integrates advanced connection-oriented peripherals, standard STM32 peripherals (including a PWM timer), and a high-performance 32-bit ARM Cortex-M3 CPU. These features enable developers to integrate multiple functions such as motor control, user interface control, and device interconnection functions on devices such as home appliances, buildings, or industrial automation. Other target applications include systems that require networking, data logging, or USB peripheral expansion functions, such as patient monitoring, sales terminals, vending machines, and security systems. 　　

The STM32 series of microcontrollers, including the new interconnect series, has a variety of supporting software and development tools, including free software libraries provided by STMicroelectronics and extensive support from third-party tool manufacturers. STMicroelectronics will also launch a new evaluation board and is currently providing samples of the STM32F105 and STM32F107 interconnect series to major customers  . The computing speed of STM32  is about dozens of times that of 51 microcontrollers, and the peripheral interface functions are much more powerful than 51. . It can be said that  STM32 is the most advanced technology, while 51 is something from decades ago, although it is still used a lot. But the core is already a world of difference.