Interpretation of the development trend of E/E architecture of intelligent connected vehicles

• From driving assistance to semi-autonomous driving, and finally to fully autonomous driving

• The whole world is working hard to achieve "zero accidents"
  

• Forced reduction of CO2 emissions will inevitably lead to the electrification of powertrains

• As cars become more connected and have more software, so does the risk of being hacked

• Information security protection is required for in-car/outside interconnection

• Driving advanced vehicle connectivity by integrating cars into the Internet

• Cars will be fully connected (V2I, V2V, in-car connectivity)

Figure 1. Four major trends in future automobiles

• Perception module

• Data processing and decision control module

• Vehicle Dynamic Control Module

The driver's senses will be replaced by a "protective shield" composed of sensors of various technologies.

The higher the level of autonomous driving, the more perception sensors are needed, and therefore a higher level of system integration is required - a higher level of simulation and data training.

Application scenarios:

• Electronic toll collection system
  

• traffic jam detection
  

• Accident avoidance
  

• Priority control for emergency services

Figure 5. The Internet of Vehicles makes vehicles move from closed to open

2.1 Internet vehicle information security threats

• Traditional safety - caused by accidental errors that compromise the safe operation of the vehicle

• Information Security - caused by deliberate attacks on systems and software

• Secure in-vehicle communications

• sandbox technology
  

• Firewall & Gateway
  

• Basic protection of a single ECU (anti-theft & access)

Figure 7. Vehicle information security protection

→ Key storage and related encryption operations

→ Information Security Applications

2) MCU integration

→ high speed

→Information security vehicle communication

→ Logical information security

3) Discrete safety controller

→ External communication

→ Protect high-value data information

→ Certified hardware security

3.1 The demand for E/E architecture of intelligent connected cars

Figure 8. Sensor requirements for E/E architecture

3) Sensor network and V2X data volumes require higher computing performance and new domain architecture.

Figure 9. Sensor network and V2X requirements

3.2 Future development trends of E/E architecture

• Autonomous driving requires the E/E architecture to be designed according to the corresponding functional level.

• Management complexity due to new / advanced features

• Address increasing general security and network information security requirements

• Increase flexibility and enable SOTA

• Optimize system cost and keep power consumption low

Different OEMs use different methods (evolutionary or destructive) to improve E/E architecture. These methods can be divided into the following categories:

• Domain Control - Domain Control

• Domain Integration - domain integration

• Zone Architecture - Zone Architecture

• Car Computer - Vehicle computing platform

Figure 10. OEM E/E architecture route

1. Semiconductors enabling Automated Driving

2. Semiconductor enabling a connected and automated car

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