Comparison and trend analysis of the development status of domestic and foreign smart sensors

Data shows that by 2020, the number of terminals connected to the Internet of Things will reach 50 billion worldwide. There is no doubt that the Internet of Things will become another trillion-level emerging industry in the global information and communication industry. China has already started substantive construction and pilot planning of related Internet of Things in the fields of smart grid, smart transportation, smart security, etc.

　　The basic requirement of the Internet of Things is that everything is connected. Every object that needs to be identified and managed needs to be equipped with a corresponding sensor. Therefore, the upgrading of sensors has become the key to the rapid development of the Internet of Things. With the advancement of Internet of Things technology, sensors are not only required to have basic information collection and processing functions, but also highly intelligent sensors have become the basic basis for measuring their performance.

　　The so-called smart sensor means that in addition to the basic functions, the sensor has the functions of automatic zeroing, self-calibration, and self-calibration. It also has logical judgment and information processing capabilities and can perform signal conditioning or signal processing on the measured signal.

　　Compared with foreign countries, my country's research on intelligent sensors mainly focuses on the following aspects:

　　First, the use of advanced microelectronics technology and computer technology to research and develop a single-chip integrated intelligent sensor that combines sensors and microprocessors and has various functions. This is one of the main development directions of intelligent sensors at present;

　　Second, for sensor materials, we will use biotechnology and nanotechnology to develop molecular and atomic biosensors, which will lay the foundation for the future development of smart sensors.

　　The third is to integrate domestic and foreign chip technologies, combine with sensitive electronic components, and develop hybrid integrated smart sensors, which have higher accuracy, lower cost and better stability. my country has made major breakthroughs in the field of integrated smart sensors, and domestic sensors have gradually opened up the market share of smart sensors.

　　The development of smart sensors can be divided into three stages, namely the digital stage, the intelligent compensation and calibration stage, and the intelligent application and network stage. Sensors that have reached the third stage have multiple functions such as signal detection and processing, logical judgment, two-way communication, closed-loop control, self-test and self-diagnosis, intelligent correction and compensation, functional calculation, and network communication. However, only a small number of manufacturers in China have reached this stage and have not been widely popularized.

　　Another development direction of sensors is miniaturization. In the automotive electronics and intelligent engineering, traditional sensors are large in size, weight, and high in cost, which limits their application. In this case, micro sensors came into being.

　　Microsensors do not only refer to small size and light weight of sensors. As far as a single sensor is concerned, a microsensor refers to a sensor with a tiny size, such as the size of a sensitive element ranging from micron to millimeter or even nanometer. The size of the sensor is reduced mainly by precision machining, microelectronics and micro-electromechanical system technology; as far as an integrated sensor is concerned, a microsensor refers to an integrated sensor formed by encapsulating a tiny sensitive element, a signal processor and a data processing device on a chip; as far as a sensor system is concerned, a microsensor refers to a sensor system that includes not only a microsensor but also a microactuator, which can work independently, or even consist of multiple microsensors to form a sensor network, or can be connected to a remote network.

　　In terms of market share, micro sensors are currently the most successful and practical micro-electromechanical devices. At present, micro sensors have accumulated good application experience in automotive applications and improving employee efficiency. Secondly, due to the advantages of small size, new functions, easy mass production, and low unit cost, the future market prospects of micro sensors are also very bright.