What are HDMI, DVI, component, TV, AV, S terminals used for?-EEWORLD

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What are HDMI, DVI, component, TV, AV, S terminals used for?

As video definition continues to improve, this has also prompted us to have a strong interest in high-definition video. If you want to achieve a certain definition of video, you need to be equipped with a corresponding interface to fully display its picture quality. Therefore, the development of video interfaces is the premise of achieving high definition. From the most common and oldest cable TV input in the early days to the most advanced HDMI digital high-definition interface today, many interfaces have been born.

This can also be seen from the interfaces on the back of current TV sets. The dense and complicated interfaces on the back make people feel a little dizzy at first glance. If you don't believe it, you can take a look at the " 32-inch HD LCD TV Shopping Guide " or " 42-inch Standard Definition Plasma TV Shopping Guide " in the market and you will understand. So today, the editor will make a comprehensive analysis of the names and functions of these interfaces, hoping to help friends who are troubled by the interfaces when buying TVs.

TV interface

TV input interface

TV interface is also called RF input. It is undoubtedly the earliest interface on TV. The imaging principle of TV interface is to mix and encode the video signal (CVBS) and audio signal (Audio) and then output the image through a series of separation/decoding processes inside the display device. Since it requires more steps to mix video and audio and video encoding, it will cause interference between signals, so its image output quality is the worst among all interfaces.

AV Interface

The AV interface, also known as (RCARCA), can be regarded as an improved interface of the TV, and its appearance is very different. It is divided into 3 lines: audio interface (red and white lines, forming left and right channels) and video interface (yellow).

AV input interface and AV cable

Since AV output is still a video signal that mixes brightness and chrominance, the display device still needs to separate brightness and color, and decode to form an image. This will inevitably cause loss of image quality, so the image quality of the AV interface is still not satisfactory. The connection is very simple, just connect the 3 colors of AV cables to the 3 colors of interfaces on the TV.

Generally speaking, the AV interface realizes the separate transmission of audio and video, which can avoid the interference between audio and video and the degradation of image quality. The AV interface is widely used in the connection between TV and DVD, and is one of the necessary interfaces for every TV.

S-Video

The S terminal can be said to be a reform of the AV terminal. In terms of signal transmission, the chrominance and brightness are no longer mixed and output, but the signal is transmitted separately, so we also call it a "two-component video interface."

S-Video interface and S-Video cable

Compared with the AV interface, the S terminal no longer transmits mixed chroma and brightness, thus avoiding image distortion caused by signal interference within the device and effectively improving the clarity of the picture quality.

However, S-Video still needs to mix the chroma and brightness signals into one chroma signal for imaging, so there is still a loss of image quality. Although the S-terminal is not the best, in general, the AV signal is 640 lines, and the S-terminal can reach 1024 lines, but this needs to be determined by the source. Generally speaking, this interface is widely used on video and game devices such as DVD, PS2, XBOX, NGC, etc.

Component interface

As for color difference, it may not be widely used at present, mainly because some CRT TVs do not provide color difference component input interfaces. Simply put, compared with the past AV and S terminals, color difference divides the signal into three primary colors: red, green, and blue for input.

Component interface and component cable

We know that red, green and blue are the three primary colors in the color display principle, called the three primary colors. By directly extracting these three colors, the picture will be clearer and the colors will be more realistic. The color difference connection also requires two independent audio cables, similar to the red and white cables in AV, which are responsible for the left and right channels respectively.

Color difference is divided into progressive and interlaced display. Generally speaking, there are several letters on the component interface to indicate progressive and interlaced. YCbCr indicates interlaced, and YPbPr indicates progressive. If the TV only has YCbCr component terminal, it means that the TV cannot support progressive component. If it uses YPbPr component terminal, it means that it supports both progressive and interlaced components.

Generally speaking, a better-quality TV has 2 or even 3 sets of component interfaces, while a slightly inferior TV may only have one set of interlaced interfaces. For example, the TV in the picture above has 2 sets of progressive interfaces. This interface can be used on video and game devices such as DVD, PS2, XBOX, NGC, etc., and the picture quality is better than S-terminal.

DVI, HDMI are essential interfaces for digital homes

VGA interface

The VGA interface is also called (S-Dub), which is derived from the input interface of the computer. Since the CRT monitor cannot directly accept the input of digital signals, the graphics card can only use the method of inputting analog signals into the monitor to obtain the picture. And VGA is the interface that transmits analog signals to the monitor.

VGA interface and VGA cable

There are 15 pins on the VGA interface, divided into three rows, with five pins in each row. The VGA interface is the most widely used interface type on graphics cards, and most graphics cards have this interface.

DVI interface

DVI and VGA are the most commonly used interfaces in computers. Unlike VGA, DVI is a fully digital transmission interface, so it guarantees completely uncompressed transmission in terms of image quality. But it does not mean that it is only an interface in computers. In fact, both VGA and DVI are widely used in other fields, such as digital television, etc.

DVI interface and DVA cable

Since the data signals processed by the graphics card are all digital, if you want to transfer the picture to the CRT display device, you must convert the digital signal into an analog signal through a digital-to-analog converter. However, the conversion process will inevitably cause distortion of the picture quality. This is obviously not good. It is not only troublesome, but also distorts the picture quality. So the DVI interface appeared. This is a fully digital transmission interface that can transmit digital signals directly to the display without conversion. However, due to technical reasons, traditional CRT TVs cannot directly receive digital signals, so CRT is facing the trend of being replaced by LCDs. As Toshiba officially announced not long ago, its " CRT series TV era will end completely " and will debut with a brand new digital look.

HDMI interface

HDMI is a recently appeared interface. It uses fully digital signal transmission like DVI, but the difference is that HDMI can not only provide fully digital video signals, but also transmit audio at the same time. It is like returning to the wired RF interface, but the difference is that the fully digital signal transmission will not cause video and audio interference like RF, resulting in poor image quality.

HDMI interface

HDMI cable

This interface can transmit audio and video at the same time, and uses a full digital signal, so it is widely used in home digital TVs. If you want to watch national high-definition signal TV, you need to buy a TV set-top box, and the connection between the set-top box and the TV requires an HDMI interface. So it seems that HDMI replacing DVI has become an inevitable trend.

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