It is ideal to drive with ULN and transistors, but the efficiency of optocouplers is not high.
ULN2003 is usually used for driving.
If an NPN transistor is used, one end of the relay is connected to the power supply, and the other end is connected to the collector of the NPN. The emitter is grounded, and the base is connected to the control signal.
Note: The IO port driving capability of the microcontroller is not enough. Add a ULN2003 to drive the relay. One ULN2003 can drive 7 relays, and ULN2803 can drive 8. The maximum driving current is 500mA.
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