Development of LED lighting in the low-carbon era

With the impact of the international financial crisis, climate and environmental issues are becoming increasingly serious. Countries around the world are striving to find new ways to protect the environment and save energy. After the two sessions, the government also attached great importance to the new concepts of "new energy" and "low-carbon economy". However, it is difficult for new energy to replace fuel energy in a short period of time, so we should vigorously promote low-carbon economy by improving technology and products.

1 The necessity of promoting a low-carbon economy

The low-carbon economy is about improving energy utilization efficiency, creating a clean energy structure and reducing carbon emissions. It is an economic model and economic development method based on low energy consumption, low emissions and low pollution.

China is a country with a large consumption of electricity, of which more than 70% is generated by coal-fired power generation, and the greenhouse gas emissions account for more than 40% of the world's total emissions. Therefore, the energy that should be changed the most and has the greatest potential is electricity. At present, the electricity consumed by lighting in my country accounts for about 10% to 20% of the total electricity production, of which urban public lighting accounts for 30% of the lighting energy consumption. According to statistics, my country consumes more than 100 billion yuan in electricity bills for street lighting every year, and the power consumption is very alarming. The energy saving problem of lighting has attracted great attention from many research institutions and enterprises in the field of lighting technology. Therefore, starting with the research on energy-saving lighting can realize the concept of low-carbon economy to a large extent, among which LED determines the future trend of the lighting field.

2The Prospect of LED Energy-Saving Lighting

LED is the third generation revolutionary light source that has emerged in the new electric light source industry. It is a new high-tech electric light source industry in the 21st century. Driven by the concepts of energy conservation, emission reduction and low-carbon economy, LED products have won a broad market with their high efficiency, energy saving and environmental protection. While the Chinese economy is facing various energy pressures, in order to achieve a low-carbon economy, the government has begun to implement lighting energy-saving plans and vigorously promote and popularize the use of energy-saving light sources. Some units have also begun to restrict the use of incandescent bulbs. After the incandescent bulb was banned, the light sources that replaced it include energy-saving lamps, cold cathode tubes, LEDs, etc. If the restrictions on harmful substances are also taken into account, LED lighting will become the best choice.

3LED Features

LED lighting has the following characteristics:

(1) LED is the most environmentally friendly light source. LED has little glare, no extra ultraviolet and infrared rays in the spectrum, does not contain harmful substances such as mercury, will not break during transportation, installation and use, and is recyclable and pollution-free. On the other hand, LED consumes very little energy during the manufacturing process and also consumes very little power during use, which can indirectly reduce greenhouse gas emissions from fuel power plants and reduce environmental pollution, effectively interpreting the concept of low-carbon products.

(2) LED is a solid-state cold light source, which is very durable and has a long life. LEDs are encapsulated with silkworm pupa epoxy resin. Due to their special structure, they have the characteristics of high mechanical strength, earthquake resistance, and impact resistance, and are long-life electric light sources. It is estimated that the service life of a single LED can usually reach 50,000 to 100,000 hours, thus avoiding the resource consumption of frequent replacement of lamps.

(3) Good monochromaticity, rich and bright colors, clear and soft lighting, and very convenient computer control. It has a fast response speed and supports stepless dimming of lighting, so that different intensities of light can be set according to specific environments. It can also control the switch of road or public place lighting in a timely manner, greatly reducing the power consumption of lighting.

4) High luminous efficiency and low energy consumption. The luminous efficiency of lighting-grade white light LEDs has reached 40-50 lm/W. With the continuous improvement of technology, it will soon reach about 80 lm/W, which is equivalent to fluorescent lamps and is expected to reach or even exceed the level of high-pressure sodium lamps. The power consumption of LEDs is very small, which can save 80% of electricity compared with incandescent lamps of the same luminous efficiency.

(5) LED works under low voltage DC, and can be powered not only by batteries but also by AC mains. Its driving circuit is relatively simple and suitable for solar power supply, thus combining well with the new energy power generation technology advocated and developed by the country.

Recent Development of 4LED in China

LED is the next generation of light source. my country's LED products started not too late and have now formed a certain scale. The strategic goal of my country's LED technology and industry development is to achieve an LED light efficiency of more than 180lm/W by 2020, covering 30% of the general lighting market and saving 200 billion kWh of electricity annually. Table 1 shows the development goals of my country's LED lighting industry and the comparison of relevant parameters of LED, incandescent lamps and fluorescent lamps.

从表1中可看出，未来几年LED的发展趋势还是非常乐观的，并且与传统照明相比，它在专业照明领域的节能效果是显著的。在LED芯片产业中，存在着类似微处理器产业中的“摩尔定律”———Haitz定律，即LED芯片价格每10年将为10年前的1/10，性能则提高20倍。LED芯片是LED光源成本的最主要投入，所以其未来的发展前景还是较为乐观的。中国照明网技术论文·LED照明

5LED applications in various fields

The development of LED road lighting is only an important aspect of its public facilities construction. It has widely penetrated into various fields that require light sources. The application of LED in LCD backlighting is its fastest growing and most potential market, and is gradually replacing the position of traditional lights in traffic lights, landscape lights, and automotive light sources. With the improvement of LED performance in all aspects, its application ratio in various fields will continue to increase. Under this trend, LED's contribution to energy conservation, emission reduction, and low-carbon economy will be greatly improved and reflected in all aspects of life.

6 Conclusion

Although the prospect of LED is very optimistic, there are still several development bottlenecks, the most important of which is its poor heat dissipation performance and high initial cost. Although there is no clear LED standard in China, we should seize the historical opportunity of international investment and development, adhere to government guidance, take technological innovation as the core, integrate resources worldwide, and truly use technology to drive the development of the emerging LED industry to promote the full development of the low-carbon economy.