[Repost] Understand the difference between PCB and integrated circuit in one article

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[Repost] Understand the difference between PCB and integrated circuit in one article [Copy link]

The current circuit board is mainly composed of the following: Circuit and pattern: Circuit is used as a tool for conducting between components. In the design, a large copper surface will be designed as the ground and power layer. Circuit and pattern are made at the same time. Dielectric layer: Used to maintain the insulation between circuits and layers, commonly known as substrate. Through hole (via): Through holes can make circuits above two levels conduct to each other. Larger through holes are used for component plug-in. In addition, non-through holes (nPTH) are usually used for surface mounting positioning and fixing screws during assembly. Solder resistant /Solder Mask: Not all copper surfaces need to be tinned with components, so a layer of material (usually epoxy resin) will be printed in the non-tinned areas to prevent short circuits between non-tinned circuits. According to different processes, it is divided into green oil, red oil, and blue oil. Silk screen (Legend /Marking/Silk screen): This is a non-essential component. Its main function is to mark the names and position frames of each part on the circuit board for easy maintenance and identification after assembly. Surface Finish: Since the copper surface is easily oxidized in the general environment, it cannot be tinned (poor solderability), so it will be protected on the copper surface that needs to be tinned. The protection methods include HASL, ENIG, Immersion Silver, Immersion TIn, and Organic Solder Preservative (OSP). Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and is collectively referred to as surface treatment. PCB board characteristics can be high-density. For decades, the high density of printed circuit boards has been developing with the improvement of integrated circuit integration and the advancement of installation technology. High reliability. Through a series of inspections, tests and aging tests, the PCB can be guaranteed to work reliably for a long time (usage period, generally 20 years). Designability. For various performance requirements of PCB (electrical, physical, chemical, mechanical, etc.), the printed circuit board design can be realized through design standardization and normalization, which is short in time and high in efficiency. Producibility. Modern management can be adopted to carry out standardized, large-scale (quantified), automated production and ensure product quality consistency. Testability. A relatively complete test method, test standard, various test equipment and instruments have been established to detect and identify the qualification and service life of PCB products. Assembling. PCB products are convenient for standardized assembly of various components and can be automated and mass-produced. At the same time, PCB and various component assembly parts can also be assembled to form larger components, systems, and even complete machines. Maintainability. Since PCB products and various component assembly parts are designed and mass-produced in a standardized manner, these parts are also standardized. Therefore, once a system fails, it can be replaced quickly, conveniently and flexibly to quickly restore the system to work. Of course, there are more examples. For example, making the system miniaturized and lightweight, and speeding up signal transmission. Characteristics of integrated circuits Integrated circuits have the advantages of small size, light weight, fewer lead wires and welding points, long life, high reliability, good performance, etc., and low cost, which is convenient for large-scale production. It is widely used not only in industrial and civilian electronic equipment such as recorders, televisions, computers, etc., but also in military, communications, remote control, etc. The assembly density of electronic equipment assembled with integrated circuits can be increased by dozens to thousands of times compared with transistors, and the stable working time of the equipment can also be greatly improved. The difference between PCB and integrated circuits Integrated circuits generally refer to the integration of chips, such as the north bridge chip on the motherboard and the inside of the CPU, which are all called integrated circuits, and the original name is also called integrated circuits. Printed circuits refer to the circuit boards we usually see, and there are also printed and soldered chips on the circuit boards. Integrated circuits (ICs) are soldered on PCBs; PCB boards are the carriers of integrated circuits (ICs). PCBs are printed circuit boards (PCBs). Printed circuit boards appear in almost every electronic device. If there are electronic parts in a certain device, printed circuit boards are embedded on PCBs of different sizes. In addition to fixing various small parts, the main function of printed circuit boards is to make electrical connections between the various parts on them. Simply put, an integrated circuit is a general circuit integrated into a chip. It is a whole. Once it is damaged, the chip is also damaged. On the other hand, PCB can be soldered with components by itself, and components can be replaced if they are damaged. Source: Internet, please delete if infringed

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This article is a collection of requirements for the six properties of PCB, similar to the evaluation of the scheme for making finished products. It is quite good, and all aspects of PCB are mentioned, including precautions and risk assessment.

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