What are the guarantees and verifications for the safety of lithium batteries in new energy electric vehicles?

The safety factor of new energy pure electric vehicles is lower than that of traditional fuel vehicles. Safety accidents of automatic vehicles often occur, causing serious casualties and property losses. In addition to accidents involving electric vehicles, there will also be safety problems of their own. In order to prevent accidents from happening again, battery pack safety testing is very important.

If the vehicle fails the safety test, it is very dangerous to drive on the road. The safety indicators of power batteries must not be compromised. Safety test standards are particularly important for improving the safety level of power batteries. Based on the above-mentioned analysis of power battery safety issues, there is an urgent need for corresponding safety technical test standards. The standards for power battery safety testing currently used in China mainly include: GB/T31485-2015 mainly assesses the safety indicators of power battery cells and modules, and provides a series of safety requirements and inspection specifications for abuse and extreme situations around the protection of chemical energy. GB/T31467 focuses on the inspection specifications of battery packs or battery systems. GB/T31467.3-2015 mainly makes clear provisions for safety requirements and test methods. Combined with GB/T31485-2015, it constitutes a complete chemical energy protection specification from battery cells, modules, to power battery packs and power battery systems. At present, the relevant test standards for power batteries are generally stricter than those abroad.

Common items for new energy battery safety testing

Over discharge, over charge, short circuit, drop, heating, extrusion, acupuncture, sea water immersion, temperature cycle, low air pressure, vibration, mechanical shock, overturn, simulated collision, temperature shock, heat and humidity cycle, external fire, salt spray, high altitude.

Common testing standards for new energy battery safety

GB/T 31484-2015 Cycle life requirements and test methods for power batteries for electric vehicles

GB/T 31485-2015 Safety requirements and test methods for power batteries for electric vehicles

GB/T 31486-2015 Electrical performance requirements and test methods for power batteries for electric vehicles

GB/T 31467.1-2015 Electric vehicle lithium-ion power battery pack and system Part 1: High power application test procedures

GB/T 31467.2-2015 Electric vehicle lithium-ion power battery pack and system Part 2: High energy application test procedures

GB/T 31467.3-2015 Electric vehicle lithium-ion power battery pack and system Part 3: Safety requirements and test methods

GB/T 2423.1-2008 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products Part 2: Test methods Test A: Low temperature

GB/T 2423.2-2008 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products Part 2: Test methods Test B: High temperature

GB/T 2423.3-2006 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products Part 2: Test method Test Cab: Steady state damp heat test

GB/T 2423.4-2008 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products Part 2: Test methods Test Db: Cyclic damp heat (12h + 12h cycle)

GB/T 2423.8-1995 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products Part 2: Test methods Test Ed: Free fall

GB/T 2423.10-2019 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products Part 2: Test method Test Fc and guidance: Vibration (sinusoidal)

GB/T 2423.17-2008 Environmental testing for electrical and electronic products Part 2: Test methods Test Ka: Salt spray

GB/T 2423.18-2012 Environmental testing Part 2: Test methods Test Kb: Salt spray, alternating (sodium chloride solution)

GB/T 2423.21-2008 Environmental testing for electric and electronic products Part 2: Test methods Test M: Low pressure

GB/T 2423.22-2012 Environmental testing Part 2: Test methods Test N: Temperature change

QC/T 743-2006 Lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles

UN38.3 ST/SG/AC.10/11/Rev.6/Amend.1