In-depth analysis of power batteries: Delon Energy, Ai Chi, ternary, and square batteries are eye-catching

Chinese people like the main theme, and so do power batteries. The ternary + square material + packaging route seems to be gaining momentum.

Based on the vehicle factory certificate data, " Electric Vehicle Observer" conducted statistical analysis on the energy density, material system and battery packaging of the power batteries installed in June.

In terms of battery cell energy density, the 18650 produced by Delong Energy won the championship; in terms of system energy density, AIWAYS U5 had the highest battery system energy density of 181wh/kg in the sixth batch of recommended catalogues.

In terms of material system, ternary batteries were affected by the rush to install, and saw a significant increase both year-on-year and month-on-month.

In terms of packaging system, square batteries have grown rapidly year-on-year, while the market share of soft-pack and cylindrical batteries has been declining.

1 Energy density: 18650 battery cells have the highest energy density, and AIWAYS system wins the championship

The energy density of cylindrical 18650 batteries ranks high. The 18650 battery produced by Delong Energy has the highest single energy density, reaching 257.739wh/kg (measured at 1C charge and discharge, and the energy density of other batteries mentioned in this article also follows this standard).

Delongneng 18650 battery

"Electric Vehicle Observer" compiled the system energy density of passenger cars based on the "Recommended Model Catalog for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles (6th Batch of 2019)". The Aiways brand multi-purpose passenger car U5 produced by Jiangling Holdings Co., Ltd. ranked first with a battery system energy density of 181wh/kg.

(1) Delon Energy's 18650 battery cell system has the highest energy density, reaching 257.739wh/kg

In June, cylindrical batteries accounted for 5 of the top 20 battery cell energy densities. The nickel-cobalt-aluminum ternary material battery produced by Delong Energy, the NCA18650-320 model battery has the highest single cell energy density, reaching 257.39wh/kg, and is equipped with Dongfeng E11K, with a driving range of 405 kilometers.

Lishen Battery's 21700 (4.8Ah) ranked 7th, and Hengdian Dongmei's INR18650-2850 ranked 8th, with single cell energy densities of 233.84wh/kg and 233.83wh/kg respectively.

In addition, BAK Battery's N18650CK (3.0Ah) and Penghui Energy's INR18650C-2800D01 ranked 11th and 14th respectively.

BIC 18650

This month, square batteries and cylindrical batteries are evenly matched in terms of energy density, and 5 square batteries are shortlisted in the top 20.

The Ruimin New Energy PE16 ranked third, which is a square battery with a single cell energy density of 243.33Wh/kg, is equipped with Changan's A500E. CATL has 3 square batteries in the TOP20. The sixth place is CATL's ELE8A3 square 811 ternary battery equipped with Trumpchi AION. S; LAE8A3 and S5E891-51Ah ranked 15th and 17th, with energy densities of 223.93Wh/kg and 222.32Wh/kg respectively.

In terms of single cells, the advantages of ternary soft packs are indeed obvious, and half of the batteries in the TOP20 are soft packs. The soft packs of Jiewei Power, Tianjin New Energy, Do-Fluoride, Kane, Aoyou, Microvast Power, Sunton and CATL are all on the list.

No. 2, the IXP116/103/306 battery produced by Jiewei Power has an energy density of 245.06Wh/kg. This is a ternary soft-pack battery, which is equipped with Nezha N01. The IXP74/229/269 ranked 12th has an energy density of 224.91Wh/kg and is equipped with Chery eQ1. According to its plan, Jiewei's soft-pack battery monomer energy density in 2020 can reach 300Wh/kg.

Jiewei Power Soft Pack Battery

The 12A0Y2 and PSP12161227-55Ah of Tianjin New Energy and Dofluoro ranked 4th and 5th are equipped with Chery Commercial Vehicle K60EV and Sichuan Mustang EC70 respectively. The driving range of the two vehicles reaches 315km and 402km respectively.

Kane's two batteries CEB-LM39 and CEB-LM42 ranked 9th and 10th, with energy densities of 231.31Wh/kg and 227.27Wh/kg respectively, and are equipped with Haima E1 and Baojun E200 respectively.

Ranked 13th is Aoyou Power's AYP120146295N50, with a single cell energy density of 224.61Wh/kg, and the supporting vehicle is Dongfeng Liuzhou Motor's S50EV.

The battery ranked 19th is SEPNi8688190P-17.5Ah from Sunton New Energy, which is used in the Hunan Liebao CS9EV with a range of 360km.

Data source: Calculated and collated by Electric Vehicle Observer based on the number of vehicle factory certificates

(2) AIWAYS JX6470UBEV pure electric multi-purpose passenger vehicle system energy density reaches 181wh/kg

The implementation period of the 2019 new energy vehicle subsidy policy has come to an end, and the system energy density requirement has been raised again, which is one of the hard indicators for obtaining subsidies. In other words, for car companies, the energy density of the power battery system is more critical. By the sixth batch of catalogs, car companies have basically adjusted accordingly.

Anatomy of the Leaf electric vehicle power battery pack

According to the 2019 subsidy policy, the mass energy density of the power battery system of pure electric passenger vehicles shall not be less than 125Wh/kg. Models with 125 (inclusive) to 140Wh/kg will be subsidized at 0.8 times, models with 140 (inclusive) to 160Wh/kg will be subsidized at 0.9 times, and models with 160Wh/kg and above will be subsidized at 1 times.

According to the "Recommended Model Catalog for the Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles (6th Batch in 2019)", from the perspective of system energy density alone, there are 11 models with a system energy density exceeding 160Wh/kg, namely, models produced by Jiangling, GAC, Great Wall, Changan, Chongqing Jinkang and Geely Automobile, which can receive 1 times the subsidy.

AIWAYS U5

Among them, 4 models with a system energy density of 140 (inclusive) - 160Wh/kg can get 0.9 times the subsidy; 9 models with a system energy density of 125Wh/kg - 140Wh/kg can get 0.8 times the subsidy. Only one pure electric passenger car with a system energy density of less than 125Wh/kg cannot get the subsidy.

Source: Based on the recommended model catalog for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles (the 6th batch in 2019)

2 Material system: the proportion of ternary and lithium iron phosphate is relatively stable

In June, the installed capacity of ternary materials was 4.77GWh, a year-on-year increase of 1.78 times and a month-on-month increase of 24.9%. Compared with batteries of other material systems, the year-on-year growth of ternary batteries was huge, and the month-on-month growth trend was reduced.

The installed capacity of lithium iron phosphate batteries was 1.70GWh, up 49% year-on-year and down 1.6% month-on-month; the installed capacity of lithium titanate batteries was 78.18MWh, up 4.96 times year-on-year and up 711.3% month-on-month; the installed capacity of lithium manganate was 66.54MWh, up 23% year-on-year and down 44.77% month-on-month. Lithium manganate and lithium titanate batteries are widely used in commercial vehicles.

Lithium iron phosphate, lithium titanate, and lithium manganese oxide batteries are mostly used in the commercial vehicle field, so large fluctuations in the above materials are generally related to the production of commercial vehicles.

Source: Number of vehicle factory certificates; Analysis and charting: Electric Vehicle Observer

In terms of vehicle types, pure electric passenger cars with ternary materials accounted for the highest proportion, reaching 66%. Plug-in hybrid passenger cars equipped with ternary battery materials continued to decline, with only 193.27MWh in June, a decrease of 2% month-on-month; pure electric passenger cars increased to 4.34GWh, a month-on-month increase of 27%.

In addition, special vehicles equipped with ternary material batteries grew rapidly month-on-month, but due to the small base, the installed capacity accounted for only 2.%, and it is difficult to become mainstream.

In terms of lithium iron phosphate batteries, pure electric buses and passenger cars grew faster than before, up 19% and 10% respectively. However, the installed capacity of pure electric passenger cars with lithium iron phosphate batteries accounted for 4% of the total, and the market share was still small; in terms of pure electric buses, the installed capacity accounted for 15.2% of the total.

Lithium manganese oxide batteries are mainly installed in the commercial vehicle field. Although the month-on-month growth in the passenger vehicle field reached 200% in June, due to the very small base, its proportion in the total installed capacity is almost negligible.

Source: Electric Vehicle Observer, based on statistics on the number of vehicle factory certificates

3 Battery packaging: the proportion of square batteries increased, while that of cylindrical and soft-pack batteries decreased significantly

According to statistics based on the number of vehicle factory certificates, Electric Vehicle Observer found that square batteries accounted for 82.0% of the total installed capacity in the first half of 2019, and this figure was 73.6% in 2018; soft-pack batteries accounted for 9.1% of the total installed capacity in the first half of the year, and the figure was 13.9% in 2018; the proportion of cylindrical batteries decreased from 12.5% ​​in 2018 to 8.9% in the first half of the year. The market share of soft-pack and cylindrical batteries is declining.

Driven by domestic electric vehicles, especially small electric vehicles, the 18650 battery has experienced a wave of climax, and nearly 20 18650 battery automatic production lines were added in 2016.

In 2018, typical domestic companies producing 18650 power batteries include Shenzhen BAK, Far East Foster, Zhejiang Tianneng, Hengdian Dongmei, Lishen Battery, etc., and the supporting vehicle models include Zhima, Yundu π1, JAC iEV and other models.

As the national subsidy policy places higher and higher requirements on the energy density of power battery systems, the shortcomings of 18650 have gradually become apparent. Driven by the electric vehicle industry, power batteries are also developing rapidly, and more batteries with lower assembly costs and higher energy density have appeared on the market.