Common written test questions for electronics

1. Analog Circuit
1. What is Kirchhoff's Theorem? (Shilan Microelectronics)
Kirchhoff's current law is a law of conservation of charge, that is, the charge flowing into a node in a circuit is equal to the charge flowing out of the same node. Kirchhoff's voltage law is a law of conservation of energy, that is, the sum of the loop voltages in a loop is zero.

2. Flat plate capacitance formula (C=εS/4πkd). (Unknown)

3. The most basic one is the triode curve characteristic. (Unknown)

4. Describe the concept of feedback circuits and list their applications. (Shilan Microelectronics)

5. Types of negative feedback (voltage parallel feedback, current series feedback, voltage series feedback and current parallel feedback); advantages of negative feedback (reducing the gain sensitivity of the amplifier, changing the input resistance and output resistance, improving the linear and nonlinear distortion of the amplifier, effectively expanding the passband of the amplifier, automatic adjustment effect) (unknown)

6. What is the purpose of frequency compensation of amplifier circuits and what are the methods? (Shilan Microelectronics)

7. Frequency response, such as: what is considered stable, and several methods to change the frequency response curve. (Unknown)

8. Given a quartz crystal op amp, how to compensate the phase and draw the Bode diagram after compensation. (concave and convex)

9. Basic types of amplifier circuits (voltage amplifier, current amplifier, transconductance amplifier and transresistance amplifier), their advantages and disadvantages, especially the reasons why differential structures are widely used. (Unknown)

10. Given a differential circuit, tell its output voltages Y and Y-, find the common mode component and differential mode component. (Unknown)

11. Draw the two input tubes of the differential amplifier. (Concave and convex)

12. Draw the circuit schematic diagram of addition, subtraction, differentiation and integration operations performed by op amps. Draw a transistor-level op amp circuit. (Shilan Microelectronics)

13. Use an operational amplifier to create a 10x amplifier. (Unknown)

14. Given a simple circuit, you are asked to analyze the characteristics of the output voltage (it is an integration circuit) and calculate the rise/fall time of a certain point on the output end. (Infineon written test question)

15. Resistor R and capacitor C are connected in series. The input voltage is the voltage between R and C. The output voltage is the voltage on C and the voltage on R. You are required to make the frequency spectrum of the input voltage of these two circuits and determine which of these two circuits is a high-pass filter and which is a low-pass filter. When RC

18. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of static and dynamic timing simulation. (VIA 2003.11.06 Shanghai written test questions)

19. How to improve the timing of a four-stage Mux where the second-stage signal is a critical signal? (VIA 2003.11.06 Shanghai written test questions)

20. Given a gate-level diagram and the transmission delay of each gate, what is the critical path? Also given the input, the output depends on the critical path. (Unknown)

21. In terms of logic, Karnaugh map simplification of digital circuits, timing (synchronous and asynchronous differences), types of flip-flops (differences, advantages), full adders, etc. (Unknown)

22. Write a logical expression for the Karnaugh map. (VIA 2003.11.06 Shanghai written test questions)

23. Simplify the sum of F(A,B,C,D) = m(1,3,4,5,10,11,12,13,14,15). (VIA)

24. Please show the CMOS inverter schmatic,layout and its cross section with P-well process.Plot its transfer curve (Vout-Vin) And also explain the operation region of PMOS and NMOS for each segment of the transfer curve? (VIA written test question circuit design-beijing-03.11.09）

25. To design a CMOS invertor with balance rise and fall time,please define the ration of channel width of PMOS and NMOS and explain?

26. Why is the width-to-length ratio of the P tube in a standard inverter larger than that of the N tube? (Shilan Microelectronics)

27. Use MOS tubes to build a two-input NAND gate. (Yangzhi Electronics written test)

28. Please draw the transistor level schematic of a cmos 2 input AND gate and explain which input has faster response for output rising edge. (less delay time). (VIA written test questions circuit design-beijing-03.11.09)

29. Draw the symbols, truth tables, and transistor level circuits of NOT, NAND, and NOR. (Infineon written test)

30. Draw a diagram of CMOS and a tow-to-one mux gate. (VIA 2003.11.06 Shanghai written test questions)

31. Use a two-choice mux and an inv to implement XOR. (Philips-Datang written test)

32. Draw the CMOS circuit diagram of Y=A*BC. (Science and Technology Question)

33. Use logic gates and CMOS circuits to implement AB and CD. (Philips-Datang written test)

34. Draw the transistor-level circuit diagram of the CMOS circuit and realize Y=A*BC(DE). (Shilan Microelectronics)

35. Use 4 to 1 to implement F(x,y,z)=xz yz'. (Unknown)

36. Given an expression f=xxxx xxxx xxxxx xxxx, implement it using the minimum number of NAND gates (actually simplification).

37. Given a simple schematic diagram consisting of multiple NOT, NAND, and NOR, draw the waveforms of each point according to the input waveform. (Infineon written test)

38. To implement the logic (A XOR B) OR (C AND D), please choose one of the following logics and explain why? 1) INV 2) AND 3) OR 4) NAND 5) NOR 6) XOR Answer: NAND (Unknown)

39. Design a full adder using NAND gates, etc. (Huawei)

40. Two gate circuits are given and you are asked to analyze their similarities and differences. (Huawei)

41. Use a simple circuit to realize that when A is input, the output B waveform is... (Shilan Microelectronics)

42. A, B, C, D, and E vote, the majority obeys the minority, and the output is F (that is, if the number of 1s in A, B, C, D, and E is greater than 0, then the output of F is 1, otherwise F is 0). It is implemented using a NAND gate, and there is no limit on the number of inputs. (Unknown)

43. Use waveforms to represent the function of a D flip-flop. (Yangzhi Electronics written test)

44. Use a transmission gate and an inverter to build an edge trigger. (Yangzhi Electronics written test)

45. Use logic gates to draw a D flip-flop. (VIA 2003.11.06 Shanghai written test questions)

46. ​​Draw the structure diagram of DFF and implement it using Verilog. (VIA)

47. Draw the circuit diagram and layout of a CMOS D latch. (Unknown)

48. The difference between a D flip-flop and a D latch. (XinTai Hardware Interview)

49. Briefly describe the similarities and differences between latch and filp-flop. (Unknown)

50. The concepts and differences between LATCH and DFF. (Unknown)

51. The difference between latch and register, why register is used more now. How latch is generated in behavioral level description. (Nanshan Bridge)

52. Use a D flip-flop to make a binary circuit. Also asked what a state diagram is. (Huawei)

53. Please draw a logic circuit that uses a D flip-flop to achieve 2x frequency division? (Hanwang written test)

54. How to use D flip-flops and AND/NOR gates to form a divide-by-two frequency circuit? (Dongxin written test)

55. How many flip-flop circuits are needed to divide by 16? (Intel) 16 division frequency?

56. Design a 1-bit adder using filp-flop and logic-gate, with carryin and current-stage as inputs and carryout and next-stage as outputs. (Unknown)

57. Use D flip-flops to do a 4-base counting. (Huawei)

58. Implement N-bit Johnson Counter, N=5. (Nanshan Bridge)

59. Use the design method you are familiar with to design a 7-base cyclic counter with preset initial value. How about a 15-base cyclic counter? (Shilan Microelectronics)

60. Digital circuit design must ask about Verilog/VHDL, such as designing a counter. (Unknown)

61. The difference between BLOCKING and NONBLOCKING. (Nanshan Bridge)

62. Write a Verilog module for an asynchronous D flip-flop. (Yangzhi Electronics written test)
module dff8(clk , reset, d, q);
input clk;
input reset;
input [7:0] d;
output [7:0] q;
reg [7:0] q;
always @ (posedge clk or posedge reset)
if(reset)
q <= 0;
else
q <= d;
endmodule

63. How to use D flip-flops to implement 2x frequency division in Verilog? (Hanwang written test)
module divide2( clk , clk_o, reset);
input clk , reset;
output clk_o;
wire in;
reg out ;
always @ ( posedge clk or posedge reset)
if ( reset)
out <= 0;
else
out <= in;
assign in = ~out;
assign clk_o = out;
endmodule

64. Programmable logic devices are becoming more and more important in modern electronic design. Please tell me: a) What programmable logic devices do you know? b) Try to use VHDL or VERILOG, ABLE to describe the logic of an 8-bit D flip-flop. (Hanwang written test)
PAL, PLD, CPLD, FPGA.
module dff8(clk, reset, d, q);
input clk;
input reset;
input d;
output q;
reg q;
always @ (posedge clk or posedge reset)
if(reset)
q <= 0;
else
q <= d;
endmodule

65. Please use HDL to describe a 4-bit full adder and a 5-frequency divider circuit. (Shilan Microelectronics)

66. Use VERILOG or VHDL to write a code to implement a decimal counter. (Unknown)

67. Use VERILOG or VHDL to write a code to eliminate a glitch. (Unknown)

68. A state machine question is implemented in Verilog (but the state machine is poorly drawn and can be easily misunderstood). (VIA 2003.11.06 Shanghai written test question)

69. Describe the design of a traffic light. (Shilan Microelectronics)

70. Draw a state machine for a newspaper vending machine that accepts 1, 2, and 5 cents. Each newspaper costs 5 cents. (Yali Electronics written test)

71. Design a vending machine system that sells soda. You can only put in three types of coins and give the correct amount of change. (1) Draw an FSM (finite state machine); (2) Program it in Verilog, and the syntax must meet the requirements of FPGA design. (Unknown)

72. Design an automatic beverage vending machine. Drinks cost 10 cents. There are two types of coins: 5 cents and 10 cents. Consider the change: (1) Draw the FSM (finite state machine); (2) Program it in Verilog. The syntax must meet the requirements of FPGA design; (3) The tools that can be used in the design project and the general design process. (Unknown)

73. Draw a state diagram that can detect 10010 strings and implement it in Verilog. (VIA)

74. Use FSM to implement the sequence detection module of 101101. (Nanshan Bridge)
a is the input terminal, b is the output terminal, if a continuously inputs 1101, b outputs 1, otherwise it is 0. For example, a: 0001100110110100100110
b: 00000000000100100000000
Please draw the state machine; please use RTL to describe its state machine. (Unknown)

75. Use Verilog/VDDL to detect a specific string in a stream (write it in a state machine). (Philips-Datang written test)

76. Use Verilog/VHDL to write a FIFO controller (including empty, full, and half-full signals). (Philips-Datang written test)

77. A user needs an integrated circuit product that can achieve the following functions: y=lnx, where x is a 4-bit binary integer input signal. y is a binary decimal output, requiring two decimal places. The power supply voltage is 3~5v. Assuming that the company receives the project and gives you the responsibility for the design of the product, please discuss the entire design process of the product. (Shilan Microelectronics)

78. What are the differences between SRAM, Falsh memory, and DRAM? (Xintai Hardware Interview)

79. Given the schematic diagram of a single-tube DRAM (Figure 9-14b on page 205 of "Basics of Digital Electronic Technology" by Yang Songhua and Feng Maoguan, Xidian University Edition), I asked you how to increase the refresh time. There were 5 questions in total, but I can't remember them all. (Lower the temperature, increase the storage capacity of the capacitor) (Infineon written test)

80. Please draw schematic of a common SRAM cell with 6 transistors,point out which nodes can store data and which node is word line control? (VIA written test question circuit design-beijing-03.11.09)

81. Noun: sram, ssram, sdram Noun IRQ, BIOS, USB, VHDL, SDR
IRQ: Interrupt ReQuest
BIOS: Basic Input Output System
USB: Universal Serial Bus
VHDL: VHIC Hardware Description Language SDR: Single Data Rate
The abbreviation of voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO). The abbreviation of dynamic random access memory (DRAM).
Explanation of the terms, just boring foreign abbreviations, such as PCI, ECC, DDR, interrupt, pipeline IRQ, BIOS, USB, VHDL, VLSI VCO (voltage-controlled oscillator) RAM (dynamic random access memory), FIR IIR DFT (discrete Fourier transform) or Chinese, such as: a. quantization error b. histogram c. white balance

II. Basics of IC Design (Process, Technology, Layout, Devices)
1. Our company's products are integrated circuits. Please describe your understanding of integrated circuits and list some contents related to integrated circuits (such as explaining the concepts of analog, digital, bipolar, CMOS, MCU, RISC, CISC, DSP, ASIC, FPGA, etc.). (Shilanwei interview question)

2. The concepts of FPGA and ASIC, and their differences. (Unknown)
Answer: FPGA is a programmable ASIC.
ASIC: Application-specific integrated circuit, which is a circuit for a specific purpose, designed and manufactured specifically for a user. According to the specific requirements of a user, it can be fully customized or semi-customized with low development cost and short delivery cycle. Compared with other ASICs (Application Specific IC) such as gate arrays, they have the advantages of short design and development cycle, low design and manufacturing cost, advanced development tools, no need for testing of standard products, stable quality and real-time online inspection.

3. What are OTP sheets and mask sheets? What is the difference between them? (Shilanwei interview question)

4. What are the ways to express integrated circuit design that you know? (Shilanwei interview question)

5. Describe your understanding of the integrated circuit design process. (Shilanwei interview question)

6. Briefly describe the design process of FPGA and other programmable logic devices. (Shilanwei interview question)

7. IC design front-end to back-end process and EDA tools. (Unknown)

8. The design flow from RTL synthesis to tape out, and list the tools used in each step. (Unknown)

9. Asic design flow. (VIA 2003.11.06 Shanghai written test questions)

10. Write down the process and corresponding tools for the early stage design of ASIC. (VIA)

11. Integrated circuit front-end design process, write related tools. (Yangzhi Electronics written test)
Let me first introduce the IC development process:
1.) Code input (design input)
Use vhdl or verilog language to complete the functional description of the device and generate hdl code
Language input tool: SUMMIT VISUALHDL
MENTOR RENIOR
Graphic input: composer (cadence);
viewlogic (viewdraw)
2.) Circuit simulation (circuit simulation)
Perform previous logic simulation on the vhd code to verify whether the functional description is correct
Digital circuit simulation tools:
Verolog: CADENCE Verolig-XL
SYNOPSYS VCS
MENTOR Modle-sim
VHDL: CADENCE NC-vhdl
SYNOPSYS VSS
MENTOR Modle-sim
Analog circuit simulation tools:
***ANTI HSpice pspice, spectre micro microwave: eesoft: hp
3.) Logic synthesis (synthesis tools)
Logic synthesis tools can convert the design idea vhd code into a gate-level circuit corresponding to a certain process method; the gate edges (gates) not considered in the primary simulation The delay is back-annotated into the generated gate-level netlist, and then returned to the circuit simulation stage for re-simulation. The netlist generated by the final simulation result is called the physical netlist.

12. Please briefly describe the entire process of backend design? (Shilanwei interview question)

13. Have you ever used automatic layout and routing? Please name one or two tool software. What basic elements are needed for automatic layout and routing? (Shilanwei interview question)

14. Describe your understanding of integrated circuit technology. (Shilanwei interview question)

15. List several typical integrated circuit processes. What do 0.25 and 0.18 often mentioned in the process mean? (Shilanwei interview question)

16. Please describe the current status of domestic technology. (Shilanwei interview question)

17. In semiconductor technology, what are the methods of doping? (Shilanwei interview question)

18. Describe the process and final result of the latch-up effect in CMOS circuits? (Shilanwei interview question)

19. Explain the latch-up phenomenon and Antenna effect and their prevention measures. (Unknown)

20. What is Latchup? (Science and Technology Question)

21. What is the narrow channel effect? ​​(Science and Technology Question)

22. What are NMOS, PMOS, and CMOS? What are enhancement mode and depletion mode? What are PNP and NPN? What is the difference between them? (Shilanwei interview questions)

23. In the silicon gate COMS process, is the N-well made of P-tube or N-tube? What are the requirements for the connection of the well potential of the N-well? (Shilanwei interview question)

24. Draw the CROSS-OVER diagram of the CMOS transistor (should be a longitudinal section diagram) and give all possible transmission characteristics and transfer characteristics. (Infineon written test question)

25. Taking interver as an example, write the process flow of N-well CMOS and draw a cross-sectional diagram. (Science and Technology Question)

26. Please explain how we describe the resistance in semiconductor. Compare the resistance of a metal,poly and diffusion in traditional CMOS process. (VIA written test question circuit design-beijing-03.11.09)

27. Explain in which area the MOS half works. (Aotu question and interview)

28. Draw a cross-section of the p-bulk NMOS. (A concave and convex question and interview)

29. Write schematic notes (?), the more the better. (for concave and convex questions and interviews)

30. How to overcome and utilize parasitic effects in IC design. (Unknown)

31. The physical characteristics of MOS tubes at a very low level are not usually used as written interview questions, because they are all microelectronic physics, and the formula derivation is too complicated, unless the interviewer is an old scholar. For IC design, you need to be familiar with the following software: Cadence, Synopsys, Avant, and you must be able to operate UNIX.

32. Unix commands cp -r, rm, uname. (Yangzhi Electronics written test)

______________________________________________________________

3. Single chip microcomputer, MCU, computer principle

1. Briefly describe the main components of a single-chip microcomputer system, and explain the data flow and control flow between each module. Briefly describe the design principles of single-chip microcomputer application systems. (Shilanwei interview questions)

2. Draw the connection diagram of 8031 ​​and 2716 (2K*8ROM). It is required to use a three-to-eight decoder. P2.5, P2.4 and P2.3 of 8031 ​​participate in the decoding. The basic address range is 3000H-3FFFH. Does this 2716 have overlapping addresses? What is the basis? If yes, write out the overlapping address range of each 2716. (Shilanwei interview question)

3. Use 8051 to design a schematic diagram with an 8*16 keyboard and eight digital tubes (common anode). (Shilanwei interview question)

4. What is the meaning of PCI bus? What are the main features of PCI bus? (Shilanwei interview question)

5. What is the concept of interruption? Briefly describe the process of interruption. (Shilanwei interview question)

6. If there are several interrupts/types in the MCU, what should be paid attention to when compiling the interrupt program? (Unknown)

7. An open-loop pulse speed control system is used to control the speed of the DC motor. The program is completed by 8051. The simple principle is as follows: the duty cycle of the pulse output by P3.4 controls the speed. The larger the duty cycle, the faster the speed. The duty cycle is set by the eight switches K7-K0, which are directly connected to the P1 port (when the switch is turned to the bottom, it is "0", and when it is turned to the top, it is "1", forming an eight-bit binary number N). The duty cycle is required to be N/256. (Shilan Micro Interview Question)
The following program uses the counting method to implement this function. Please complete the blank part.
MOV P1, #0FFH
LOOP1: MOV R4, #0FFH
--------
MOV R3, #00H
LOOP2: MOV A, P1
--------
SUBB A, R3
JNZ SKP1
--------
SKP1: MOV C, 70H
MOV P3.4, C
ACALL DELAY: This delay subroutine is omitted
--------
--------
AJMP LOOP1

8. If the microcontroller does not work after power-on, what should be checked first? (Eastcom written test question)

9. What is PC Chipset? (Yangzhi Electronics Written Test)
The chipset is the core component of the motherboard. According to the different arrangement positions on the motherboard, it is usually divided into north bridge chip and south bridge chip. The north bridge chip provides support for the type and main frequency of the CPU, the type and maximum capacity of the memory, ISA/PCI/AGP slots, ECC error correction, etc. The south bridge chip provides support for KBC (keyboard controller), RTC (real-time clock controller), USB (universal serial bus), Ultra DMA/33(66)EIDE data transmission method and ACPI (advanced power management). Among them, the north bridge chip plays a leading role and is also called the host bridge.
In addition to the most common north-south bridge structure, the chipset is currently developing towards a more advanced accelerated hub architecture. Intel's 8xx series chipset is a representative of this type of chipset. It connects some subsystems such as IDE interface, sound effects, MODEM and USB directly to the main chip, and can provide a bandwidth twice as wide as the PCI bus, reaching 266MB/s.

10. If your resume also says that you have worked on CPUs, you will be asked questions such as how CPUs work and pipelines. (Unknown)

11. The basic components of a computer and their respective functions. (Dongxin written test question)

12. Please draw a typical input device and microcomputer interface logic diagram (data interface, control interface, storage/buffer) in the microcomputer interface circuit. (Hanwang written test)

13. What are the main parts of cache? (VIA 2003.11.06 Shanghai written test questions)

14. Differences between synchronous and asynchronous transmission (unknown)

15. What are the similarities, differences, characteristics and comparison between serial communication and synchronous communication? (Huawei interview question)

16. What is the TTL logic corresponding to the RS232c high level pulse? (Negative logic?) (Huawei interview question)

IV. Signal and System

1. The voice frequency is generally 300~3400HZ. If it is sampled and the signal is not distorted, what should be the minimum sampling frequency? If an 8KHZ sampling frequency is used and 8-bit PCM encoding is used, how much signal data is stored in one second? (Shilanwei interview question)

2. What is Nyquist's theorem? How to convert analog signals into digital signals? (Huawei interview question)

3. If the bandwidth of the analog signal is 5khz, what should I do if I want to use an 8K sampling rate? Lucent) Two channels?

4. Signals and systems: the relationship between time domain and frequency domain. (Huawei interview question)

5. Given a time domain signal, find its DC component. (Unknown)

6. Given a time domain signal, you are required to (1) write out the frequency components, (2) write out its Fourier transform series; (3) when the waveform is filtered out through a low-pass filter to remove the higher harmonics and retain only the first harmonic, draw the output waveform after filtering. (Unknown)

7. Sketch the Fourier transform of a continuous sinusoidal signal and a continuous rectangular wave (both with graphs). (Infineon written test questions)

8. Expressions and connections between Laplace transform and Fourier transform. (XinTai hardware interview question)

______________________________________________________________

5. DSP, embedded, software, etc.

1. Please use a block diagram to describe a practical digital signal processing system that you are familiar with, and make a brief analysis; if you don’t have one, you can also design a simple digital signal processing system yourself and describe its functions and uses. (Shilanwei interview question)

2. Classification and structural characteristics of digital filters. (Shilanwei interview question)

3. The similarities and differences between IIR and FIR filters. (XinTai hardware interview question)

4. Laplace transform and Z transform formulas and similar things, just flip through the book and find out. h(n)=-a*h(n-1) b*δ(n) a. Find the z transform of h(n); b. Ask if the system is a stable system; c. Write the difference equation of the FIR digital filter; (unknown)

5. What are the differences in structure between DSP and general-purpose processors? Please briefly draw a DSP structure diagram that you are familiar with. (Xinwei DSP software interview question)

6. Talk about the definition of fixed-point DSP and floating-point DSP (or explain their differences) (Xinwei DSP software interview question)

7. Tell us about your understanding of circular addressing and bit-reversal addressing. (Xinwei DSP software interview question)

8. Please write out the binary complement and binary offset code of [-8, 7]. Use Q15 to represent 0.5 and -0.5. (Xinwei DSP software interview question)

9. DSP structure (Harvard structure); (unknown)

10. Embedded processor type (such as ARM), operating system type (Vxworks, ucos, winCE, linux), the operating system is more CS-oriented, which is discussed in the CS section; (Unknown)

11. There is an LDO chip that will be used to power the mobile phone and you need to evaluate it. How will you design your test project?

12. A program has been optimized in an embedded system (200M CPU, 50M SDRAM). Does it need to be optimized in another system (300M CPU, 50M SDRAM)? (Intel)

13. Please briefly describe the basic principles of HUFFMAN coding and its basic implementation methods. (Shilanwei interview question)

14. Name four layers (any four layers) of the OSI seven-layer network protocol. (Shilanwei interview question)

15. A) (Shilanwei interview question)
＃include
void testf(int*p)
{
*p =1;
}
main()
{
int *n,m[2];
n=m;
m[0]=1;
m[1]=8;
testf(n);
printf("Data value is %d ",*n);
}
------------------------------
B)
＃include
void testf(int**p)
{
*p =1;
}
main()
{int *n,m[2];
n=m;
m[0]=1;
m[1]=8;
testf(&n);
printf(Data value is %d",*n);
}

Which result is from program A or program B?
Data value is 8
Then what is the result of the other program?

16. Which sorting method is the fastest? (Huawei interview question)

17. Write two sorting algorithms. Which one is better? (VIA)

18. Write a simple program to find n!. (Infineon written test question)

19. Use a programming language to write an algorithm for n!. (VIA 2003.11.06 Shanghai written test questions)

20. Write a recursive algorithm in C language to find N! (Huawei interview question)

21. Given a C function, find out the error about strings and arrays; (Huawei interview question)

22. How is a firewall implemented? (Huawei interview question)

23. What aspects of programming are you familiar with? (Huawei interview question)

24. The principle of bubble sort. (XinTai hardware interview question)

25. Functions of operating system. (XinTai hardware interview question)

26. Computer languages ​​learned and systems developed. (XinTai hardware interview question)

27. A farmer found that a square fence saves 4 stakes compared to a rectangular fence but has the same area. The number of sheep is the same as the number of stakes in the square fence but is less than 36. How many sheep are there? (VIA)

28. Use C language to count the number of times a cell is called in a .v file (this question is really tricky) (VIA 2003.11.06 Shanghai written test question)

29. Use C language to write a driver program to control the motor vibrator in a mobile phone. (Weisheng)

30. Use Perl or TCL/Tk to implement a program for string recognition and comparison. (Unknown)

31. Given a stack structure, ask for the result to be displayed after an interrupt, mainly considering whether the return address pushed into the stack is stored at the low end or the high end. (Unknown)

32. Some DOS commands, such as display files, copy, delete. (Unknown)

33. Design a class so that any form of derived class of this class cannot generate any object instance no matter how it is defined and implemented. (IBM)

34. What is pre-emption? (Intel)

35. What is the state of a process if a resource is not available? (Intel)

36. Three floats a, b, c; ask the value of (ab) c==(ba) c, (ab) c==(ac) b. (Intel)

37. Fill in the blanks in a linked list in reverse order. (lucent)

38. How many multiplications are needed to calculate x^4 a*x^3 x^2 c*xd at least? (Dephi)

______________________________________________________________

6. Subjective Questions

1. What do you think are the characteristics of your R&D work? (Shilanwei interview question)

2. Tell us about your biggest weakness and how to improve it. (VIA 2003.11.06 Shanghai written test questions)

3. Tell us about your ideals. Tell us what you want to achieve. The questions are in English, so you should answer them in English. (VIA 2003.11.06 Shanghai written test questions)

4. We divide the R&D personnel into several research directions, including understanding of protocols and algorithms (mainly used in network communication, image and voice compression), research on electronic system solutions, realizing circuit functions with MCU and DSP programming, designing circuits with ASIC design technology (including MCU and DSP itself), designing circuit function modules (including analog circuits and digital circuits), integrated circuit back-end design (mainly refers to synthesis and automatic layout and routing technology), and research on integrated circuit design and process interface.

What kind of research do you want to do? (You can choose multiple directions. In addition, people who have been engaged in related research and development can describe your research and development experience in detail.) (Shilanwei interview question)

5. Please talk about your overall idea for system design. What knowledge do you think you should have for this idea? (Shilanwei interview question)

6. Imagine that you will design an electronic circuit. Please briefly describe the whole process from designing (including schematic diagram and PCB diagram) using EDA software (such as PROTEL) to debugging the prototype. What issues should be paid attention to in each link? The stability of the power supply, the selection of capacitors, and the size of the layout.