Electronic components knowledge: 30 common terms for sensors

1. A device or apparatus that can sense a specified quantity to be measured and convert it into a usable output signal according to certain rules. It usually consists of a sensitive element and a conversion element.
① The sensitive element refers to the part of the sensor that can directly (or respond to) the measurement.

②The conversion element refers to the part of the sensor that can convert the quantity sensed (or responded) by the more sensitive element into an electrical signal for transmission and (or) measurement.

③When the output is a specified standard signal, it is called a transmitter.

2. Measurement range

The range of measured values ​​within the permissible error limits.

3. Range

The algebraic difference between the upper and lower limits of the measuring range.

4. Accuracy

The degree of agreement between the measurement result of the measurand and the true value.

5. From Renaturation

The degree of agreement between the results of multiple consecutive measurements of the same measured quantity under all the following conditions:

&&Same measurement method:

&&Same observer:

&&Same measuring instruments:

&&Same location:

&&Same conditions of use:

&&Repetition within a short period of time.

6. Resolution

The smallest change in the measured quantity that a sensor can detect within the specified measurement range.

7. Threshold

The minimum change in the measured quantity that can produce a measurable change at the output of the sensor.

8. Zero

A state in which the absolute value of the output is minimized, such as a balanced state.

9. Motivation

External energy (voltage or current) applied to a sensor to enable it to operate properly.

10. Maximum Incentive

The maximum excitation voltage or current that can be applied to the sensor under urban conditions.

11. Input impedance

The impedance measured at the sensor input when the output is short-circuited.

12. Output

An electrical quantity generated by a sensor as a function of an applied measurand.

13. Output impedance

The impedance measured at the output of a sensor when its input is short-circuited.

14.Zero point output

Under urban conditions, the output of the sensor when the applied measured value is zero.

15. Lag

Within the specified range, the maximum difference that occurs in the output when the measured value increases and decreases.

16. Delay

The time delay between a change in an output signal and a change in an input signal.

17. Drift

During a certain time interval, the sensor output eventually changes in an undesirable amount that is irrelevant to the measurement.

18. Zero drift

The change in zero output at specified time intervals and under room conditions.

19. Sensitivity

The ratio of the increment of sensor output to the corresponding increment of input.

20. Sensitivity drift

The change in the slope of a calibration curve due to a change in sensitivity.

21. Thermal sensitivity drift

Sensitivity drift due to changes in sensitivity.

22. Thermal Zero Drift

Zero point drift due to ambient temperature changes.

23. Linearity

The degree to which a calibration curve agrees with a certain specification is limited.

24. Linearity

The degree to which a calibration curve deviates from a specified straight line.

25. Long-term stability

The sensor can still maintain the ability to not exceed the allowable error within a specified time.

26. Inherent rate

The free (unforced) oscillation rate of the sensor when there is no resistance.

27. Response

The characteristic of the measured quantity changing at the output.

28. Compensation temperature range

The temperature range over which a sensor is compensated to maintain zero balance within span and specified limits.

29. Creep

The change in output within a specified time when the environmental conditions of the machine being measured remain constant.

30. Insulation Resistance

If not otherwise specified, it refers to the resistance value measured between specified insulating parts of the sensor when a specified DC voltage is applied at room temperature.