Power System

The English name of the power system: power system is
an electric energy production and consumption system composed of power generation, transformation, transmission, distribution and power consumption. Its function is to convert the primary energy in nature into electric energy through power generation power devices (mainly including boilers, steam turbines, generators and auxiliary production systems of power plants, etc.), and then supply the electric energy to various load centers through transmission, transformation and distribution systems. Since most of the power sources and load centers are in different regions and cannot be stored in large quantities, the production of electric energy must always be balanced with consumption. Therefore, the centralized development and decentralized use of electric energy, as well as the continuous supply of electric energy and the random changes in loads, restrict the structure and operation of the power system. Based on this, in order for the power system to realize its functions, it is necessary to set up corresponding information and control systems at various links and different levels to measure, regulate, control, protect, communicate and dispatch the production and transportation process of electric energy, so as to ensure that users obtain safe, economical and high-quality electric energy.
The emergence of the power system has enabled the widespread application of efficient, pollution-free, easy-to-use and easy-to-regulate electric energy, promoted changes in various fields of social production, ushered in the electric age, and brought about the second technological revolution. The scale and technical level of the power system have become one of the symbols of a country's economic development level.

Composition of the power system

1. Source
Thermal power: boiler - turbine - generator
Hydropower: reservoir - turbine - generator
Nuclear power: nuclear reactor - turbine - generator
Others: such as wind power, geothermal energy, solar energy, tidal power, etc.

2. Basic concepts
Power system - consists of power plants, substations, transmission lines, distribution systems and loads. It is one of the most important and complex engineering systems in modern society.
Power network - consists of transformers, power lines and other equipment for converting, transmitting and distributing electric energy. Power system
- a system that includes the power part of a power plant (such as boilers and steam turbines in thermal power plants, reservoirs and turbines in hydropower plants, and reactors in nuclear power plants) on the basis of the power system.
Total installed capacity - refers to the sum of the rated active power of the generator sets actually installed in the system, measured in kilowatts (KW), megawatts (MW), and gigawatts (GW).
Annual power generation - refers to the sum of the actual electric energy generated by all generator sets in the system throughout the year, measured in kilowatt-hours (KWh), megawatt-hours (MWh), and gigawatt-hours (GWh).
Maximum load - refers to the maximum value of the total active power load of the power system within a specified time, measured in kilowatts (KW), megawatts (MW), and gigawatts (GW).
Rated frequency - According to national standards, the rated power of all AC power systems in China is 50Hz.
Maximum voltage level - refers to the rated voltage of the highest voltage level power line in the system.