Surge arrester explanation and working principle

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Surge arrester explanation and working principle [Copy link]

Surge protector, also called lightning arrester, is an electronic device that provides safety protection for various electronic equipment, instruments and meters, and communication lines. When a spike current or voltage suddenly occurs in an electrical circuit or communication line due to external interference, the surge protector can conduct and shunt in a very short time, thereby preventing the surge from damaging other devices in the circuit.

Surge is also called surge, which means an instantaneous overvoltage that exceeds the normal working voltage. In essence, a surge is a violent pulse that occurs in just a few millionths of a second. The possible causes of a surge include: lightning strike, short circuit, power switching, or starting of heavy equipment or large engines.

Surge arresters mainly protect against surges caused by lightning-induced electromagnetic waves (mainly occurring in relatively open fields and hills) and surges caused by factory inductive/capacitive load switches.

Working principle of surge arrester: The function of surge protector is to limit the instantaneous overvoltage that penetrates into the power line and signal transmission line to the voltage range that the equipment or system can withstand, or to drain the strong lightning current into the ground to protect the protected equipment or system from damage caused by the impact.

Basic features:

(1) Large protection flow, extremely low residual pressure and fast response time;

(2) Adopting the latest arc extinguishing technology to completely avoid fire;

（3）Adopt temperature control protection circuit and built-in thermal protection;

（4）With power status indicator to indicate the working status of surge protector;

（5）Strict structure and stable and reliable operation.

The basic components used in surge protectors are: discharge gaps, gas-filled discharge tubes, varistors, suppression diodes and choke coils.