PIC16C5X microcontroller register file

The PIC16C5X series microcontroller is a low-power, high-speed, fully static CMOS microcontroller, including ROM, RAM, I/O and central processing unit. This structure is based on the concept of register files, with independent data and program memory buses. The data bus and data (RAM) are 8-bit word width, and the program bus and program memory (ROM) are 12-bit word width. This concept emphasizes bit, byte and register operations. The CPU can work at high speed in the overlap of instruction reading and execution processes, that is, when one instruction is executed, the next instruction has been read from the program memory, effectively improving the CPU's operating speed. At the same time, the general registers and operation registers belong to the same data storage area and use the same addressing mode, so the access to registers is very simple. This structural system determines that its instruction system is relatively simple but very powerful.

     Data Register File The

    8-bit data bus of PIC16C5X connects two basic functional components, a register file consisting of 32 or 80 addressable bit registers and I/O ports, and an 8-bit word-wide arithmetic logic unit (ALU). The 32-byte RAM can be directly addressed using a block structure, with each block being 16 bytes, as shown in the figure below. Using the file select register (f4), data can be directly or indirectly addressed. The working register w can perform immediate addressing. This instruction structure reads data from the program memory and sends it to the w register. The

    register file of PIC16C5X is divided into two functional groups, operating registers and general registers. The operating registers include the real-time clock/counter RTCC, PC, status register, I/O register (PORTS) and file select register. The general registers store data and control data.

The 8-bit arithmetic     /logic unit ALU is connected to a working register (w register). It performs arithmetic and logical operations on data through the w register, and can also operate on the w register or any file register.