Solar meter components

　　Solar energy is a widely used energy in our daily life and has been applied to most fields. It generally refers to the radiant energy of sunlight, which is generally used for power generation in modern times. Since the formation of the earth, organisms have mainly survived by the heat and light provided by the sun. Since ancient times, humans have also known how to use sunlight to dry objects and preserve food, such as making salt and drying salted fish. However, with the reduction of fossil fuels, people are interested in further developing solar energy. There are two ways to use solar energy: passive use (photothermal conversion) and photoelectric conversion. Solar power generation is an emerging renewable energy source. In a broad sense, solar energy is the source of many energies on the earth, such as wind energy, chemical energy, potential energy of water, etc.

　　The solar water heater instrument displays the water temperature and water level in digital form; it has fully automatic water level control, alarms when the water level is lower than the specified value and automatically fills the water, and automatically stops filling the water when the water reaches the specified water level (the upper limit of the water level can be set by the user. The setting parameters have power-off protection, and the user does not need to set them again after powering on again); when the water level is between the high and low water levels, water can be filled and stopped manually by touching the key; when the water pressure is insufficient, the booster pump is automatically controlled to work to avoid water filling failure due to insufficient water pressure; fully automatic temperature control prohibits water entry after high temperature idling, which can prevent the vacuum tube from bursting due to sudden injection of cold water. It is called solar control instrument, or microcomputer control instrument and controller.

　　Solar instrument components

　　The solar instrument consists of three parts: the host, the probe and the solenoid valve.

　　1. Host: It can be divided into semi-automatic controller, fully automatic controller and fully intelligent controller.

　　Semi-automatic controllers are available in two types: battery powered and 220V AC powered. They are simple in structure and cheap in price. Main functions: water temperature and water level display, water shortage and water fullness alarm. It is called semi-automatic because it requires manual valve opening to supply water and manual valve closing to shut off water.

　　The fully automatic controller is composed of solenoid valves, sensors and main unit. Its main functions include semi-automatic controller function, as well as automatic water supply, manual water supply, water shortage water supply, timed water supply, low water pressure water supply and pipe insulation functions. Generally, the instrument also has anti-water leakage function. The solar energy water supply is fully automatic. For different regions, some instruments also have pressurized water supply or tropical thawing function.

　　The fully intelligent controller consists of a host, sensor, electric heating and solenoid valve. It not only includes the above functions, but also has intelligent heating, timed heating, intelligent water supply, timed water supply, leakage protection, time display, power failure memory and other functions. Some meters also have constant water temperature and constant water level functions. The fully intelligent meter not only fills the water automatically, but also ensures that users have enough hot water at any time.

　　The copper mold thickness of the inferior host is less than 30 microns, without varistor, and it is easy to be struck by lightning, that is, the square number of the wire diameter in the electrical appliance is not enough, which is easy to leak and cause serious consequences. The inferior transformer instrument heats up too high, which is easy to burn and explode. The inferior chip will cause program confusion, poor anti-interference, and easy to crash. With the development of instruments, more scientific full-intelligent controllers have appeared on the market, with three modes to choose from: intelligent mode, timing mode, and manual mode, which are more convenient to operate and more selective for users.

　　2. Probe: According to the material, it can be divided into stainless steel probe and silicone probe.

　　The stainless steel probe is composed of a stainless steel jacket heat shrink tube and a thermistor. The quality of a probe depends mainly on the quality of the heat shrink tube it uses. From May to October every year, the water temperature of the solar water heater is 80℃~100℃. The heat shrink tube is composed of a tube and glue. The glue itself is volatile. The volatilization of the glue and the quality of the tube at high temperature are the basis of the life of the stainless steel probe. Once the glue or tube leaks, the thermistor is damaged, the probe is scrapped, and the instrument fails. The best thermistor has an accuracy of 1%, and its own material determines its life. Silicone sensors are divided into soft silicone and hard silicone sensors. The exterior of the silicone sensor is composed of silicone and activated carbon. The quality of the silicone sensor depends on the adhesion of silicone and activated carbon. Sensors with poor adhesion are prone to cracking, causing the probe to transmit inaccurate signals or malfunction. Generally, stainless steel probes are four-core wires, and silicone probes are divided into four-core wires and two-core wires. The two-core wire is simple to connect; the four-core wire transmits stable signals. Currently, the four-core wire is the main one on the market.

　　3. Solenoid valve: It is usually selected by the instrument manufacturer, with a check valve and a filter, and the coil inside should meet the standards.

　　The brands of solenoid valves on the market include: Xiangjun, Dongda, Muyuan, etc. Regular instrument manufacturers will put their own logos on the solenoid valves, such as: Xizi-TMC, Huayun-HLC, etc. Solenoid valves are generally divided into pressure valves and pressureless valves. After the pressure valve is powered on, a certain water pressure is required to open, and it is generally used in places with tap water; the pressureless valve (also called low-pressure valve) requires a very low water pressure and is mainly used in places where water towers supply water (the water tower is higher than the solar water tank, and the water from the water tower flows into the water tank through the pressureless valve).