Chinese scientists plan to build a "quantum constellation" with "Mozi"

Publisher:一条属马的龙Latest update time:2017-08-11 Source: 电子产品世界 Reading articles on mobile phones Scan QR code
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  China's first quantum satellite "Micius" completed the three major scientific goals of high-speed quantum key distribution between satellites and the ground, quantum entanglement distribution, and ground-to-satellite quantum teleportation experiments in less than a year, which were originally scheduled to be completed in two years. Scientists have formulated a follow-up expansion experiment plan to further explore the research and application of quantum communication technology, and plan to launch several quantum satellites to build a global quantum communication network. Let's follow the mobile phone portable editor to learn about the relevant content.

  Pan Jianwei, chief scientist of the quantum satellite and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that his team will work with the European quantum communication team to carry out intercontinental quantum key distribution. The docking test with the Graz ground station in Austria has been successfully completed, and the quantum key distribution experiment is being carried out. By the end of August, the conditions for intercontinental quantum confidential calls will be met.

  

China will carry out intercontinental quantum key distribution with Europe (Photo provided by the Chinese Academy of Sciences)

China will carry out intercontinental quantum key distribution with Europe (Photo provided by the Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  Pan Jianwei said that China is also planning to cooperate with Germany, Italy and other countries in intercontinental quantum key distribution. The ground stations in Germany and Italy are expected to be ready to carry out relevant experiments by the end of 2017. This shows that the "Mozi" can not only connect with Chinese equipment, but also with equipment that meets the requirements in other countries in the world.

  In addition, the research team will also strive to achieve secure information transmission that integrates quantum communication and classical optical communication, connect with users in need, and carry out practical applications of quantum communication.

  Pan Jianwei said that the current space-to-earth quantum key distribution achieved by "Mozi" has a prerequisite, that is, "Mozi" must be reliable, because the key is sent by "Mozi". If "Mozi" leaks the key, then the entire process will be unsafe.

  He said that the next step for the research team is to carry out experiments on long-distance quantum key distribution based on quantum entanglement. Once successful, it will finally realize the "holy grail" dreamed of by all cryptographers. He hopes that this work can be completed this year.

  

Chinese scientists will next carry out long-distance quantum key distribution based on entanglement (Photo courtesy of the Chinese Academy of Sciences)

Chinese scientists will next carry out long-distance quantum key distribution based on entanglement (Photo courtesy of the Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  In the longer term, Chinese scientists aim to build a global quantum communications network.

  Wang Jianyu, executive deputy chief engineer of the quantum satellite project and satellite commander, said that a single low-orbit satellite cannot directly cover the entire world. At present, the time for the "Mozi" to conduct experiments in one transit is about 10 minutes. If the satellite is in an orbit of 10,000 kilometers, the time for sending keys can last for several hours. If the satellite is in an orbit of 36,000 kilometers, one-third of the earth can always see the satellite, and these places can communicate confidentially at any time. So in theory, three high-orbit satellites can cover the entire world.

  "So 'Mozi' is just a starting point. From a practical point of view, we must build a quantum constellation consisting of high, medium and low orbit satellites to establish a quantum communication network covering the world," said Wang Jianyu.

  

"Micius" carries out quantum key distribution (Photo provided by the Chinese Academy of Sciences)

"Micius" carries out quantum key distribution (Photo provided by the Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  However, at present, the quantum key transmission of "Mozi" can only be carried out in the shadow area, that is, in the dark night without interference from sunlight. "We need to master the technology of quantum communication all day long and obtain quantum communication capabilities under higher attenuation channels. This is the path we must take to achieve global quantum secure communication in the next step." said Peng Chengzhi, chief designer of the quantum satellite scientific application system and deputy chief designer of the satellite system.

  Recently, scientists such as Pan Jianwei and Peng Chengzhi have made a breakthrough in ground experiments, successfully realizing the first long-distance (53 kilometers) free-space quantum key distribution in daylight. This breakthrough verifies the feasibility of quantum key distribution between satellites and between satellites and the ground under daylight conditions, and clears a key technical obstacle for the construction of quantum satellite-based satellite-to-ground and intersatellite quantum communication networks in the future.

  

On November 28, 2016, at the Xinglong Observatory in Hebei Province, the "Mozi" quantum science experimental satellite passed by, and researchers were conducting experiments. (Composite photo). Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Jin Liwang

  On November 28, 2016, at the Xinglong Observatory in Hebei Province, the "Mozi" quantum science experimental satellite passed by and researchers were conducting experiments. (Composite photo). Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Jin Liwang "This proves that it is feasible to build a satellite network to break through the limitation of the earth's shadow area. Next, we will further carry out related work in this direction." Pan Jianwei said.

  He said: "We hope that through about 10 years of efforts, we will eventually be able to build a complete air-ground integrated wide-area quantum communication network system, which will be widely used in defense, government affairs, finance, energy and other fields, and seamlessly connected with classical communication networks, promoting the formation of strategic emerging industries with international leading position and the next generation of national information security ecosystem. We also hope to further explore the verification of basic principles of physics such as general relativity and quantum gravity."

  "If the country supports the launch of multiple quantum communication satellites, there is hope that a global wide-area quantum communication network can be built by around 2030," said Pan Jianwei.

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