Zhiji LS6/LS7 electronic architecture and ADAS analysis

A comprehensive analysis of the ADAS hardware and electronic architecture of emerging domestic vehicles was conducted, and it was finally discovered that the electronic architecture of Zhiji LS6/LS7 is the most advanced in the country and one of the few domestic companies that actually uses lidar .

The electronic architecture of domestically produced cars, including emerging cars, is not actually as advanced as people imagine. Most of them only have one domain controller for the cockpit domain , and the rest are signal-oriented distributed ECU architectures with CAN bus as the core , and de-domain controllers. The architectures are all very different, not to mention software-defined cars and service-oriented centralized computing server architecture. It will take at least 10 years for domestic car models to evolve into service-oriented centralized computing server architecture. The transfer process from CAN bus as the core to automotive Ethernet as the core will be long. The main reason is that domestic automotive engineers need to relearn Ethernet architecture skills, and manufacturers are unwilling to abandon previous research results.

The main reasons why advanced architecture is used are two aspects:

On the one hand, it is the cost of software development. Advanced architecture can reduce the repeated development of underlying software and maximize the use of development results.

On the other hand, it is to increase flexibility, shorten iteration time, and facilitate OTA , because the CAN bus architecture is very difficult to implement OTA. Basically, OTA is inseparable from Ethernet and TCP /IP. Of course, the one-time software investment in the early stages of electronic architecture requires a relatively large workload and high costs.

Zhiji LS6/LS7 body controller

The Zhiji LS6/LS7 body controller is connected to the chassis, cockpit and passive safety system through an intelligent computing domain controller. Traditional models do not have this intelligent computing domain controller. It is speculated that the chassis and BDC are isolated mainly for safety.

Zhiji LS6/LS7 automatic parking system

The Zhiji LS6/LS7 automatic parking system is relatively simple. The main calculation process is partly borne by the IPD. It also maximizes the use of the IPD's computing power and reduces the cost. IPD has an Ethernet interface, which is also convenient for APA's OTA. The cockpit host is not responsible for the 360 ​​surround view, it is all taken care of by the smart driving IPD domain controller. DLP car light projection is one of the features of Zhiji. Not only the headlights can be projected, but also the rear taillights. Projector headlights can be very dazzling, and they can also provide the highest level of adaptive high and low beams, which is also of practical value.

Zhiji LS6/LS7 cockpit domain controller

Zhiji LS6/LS7 cockpit domain controller, the cockpit is connected to 4 large screens.

Zhiji LS7 is also equipped with a liftable joint screen similar to Zhiji L7. The interior design of Zhiji LS7 focuses on technology and hard work:

The size of the through-type central control screen reaches 26.3 inches, the resolution reaches 4320x720; the pixel density of the center console color screen is 167PPI; the screen under the central control: the size is 12.8 inches, the resolution is 1728x1888, and the pixel density is 200PPI;

Passenger screen: 15.5-inch size, 2488x720 resolution, 167PPI pixel density.

What’s more worth mentioning is that the central control screen of Zhiji LS7 can be lifted and lowered. Zhiji Auto uses the front-view camera to display the image on the left side of the main driving screen when turning left or changing lanes on complex road sections to eliminate pedestrians or non-motor vehicles in the blind spot on the left side of the A-pillar and improve driving safety (20km /h, the left turn signal activates this function).

Zhiji LS7 uses five millimeter wave radars , one forward millimeter wave radar and four corner radars. The forward millimeter wave radar is said to be the latest 4D millimeter wave radar and can detect altitude. The horizontal FOV of the front millimeter wave radar reaches 150 degrees, and the horizontal FOV of the angular radar reaches 100 degrees. The lidar is from Sagitar Juchuang, and two of them are used, both on the roof of the car. Everyone in the industry knows that due to the immaturity of the fusion algorithm, the effect of many Tier1s after adding lidar is not as good as pure vision. However, lidar has reserved positions and has to be used. In fact, these lidars are not wired. This is reflected in some The car company's internal maintenance data can also be confirmed.

Zhiji LS7 has carefully arranged and selected the visual camera solution. It is equipped with the most comprehensive visual sensor configuration solution currently on the market. It is equipped with a total of 12 visual cameras, including 2 for front view, 5 for enhanced perception, 4 for surround view, 1 in the cockpit. Enhanced perception is also known as peripheral vision. Among them, two front-view cameras have 5 million pixels, one has a horizontal FOV of 120 degrees, which is the widest in the country, and the other has a 28-degree horizontal FOV. There are 4 peripheral cameras, both with 2 million pixels, and a horizontal FOV of 100 degrees. There are 4 surround cameras, both with 1.3 million pixels. There is a DMS in the car with 2 million pixels and a horizontal FOV of 55 degrees. It should be pointed out that not only the laser radars are idle and not connected, but also the cameras. Some models are advertised as having multiple cameras, but when you open the maintenance manual, you will know that the cameras around the roof are decorations.

Zhiji is also one of the very few car companies in China that uses an independent external INS inertial navigation system. Most car companies save costs by using GPS and IMU integrated modules such as u-blox M8. The core of INS is the IMU, and its main function is to rely on inertia. The navigation system compensates for the loss of the GPS signal. Some of the IMUs used by L4-level Robotaxi are as high as 200,000 yuan. This ensures accurate positioning even if the GPS signal is lost for a long time. On the Avita 11, a joint venture between Changan, Huawei , and CATL, the INS is also installed independently and is called a high-precision map controller.

Zhiji LS7 autonomous driving is a single Orin system. Simply connecting two Orins with an Ethernet switch cannot double the computing power because the bandwidth of the Ethernet switch is too low. Only technologies such as NVLINK with up to 900GB/s can do this. It is possible to double the computing power of two cascades. The current maximum bandwidth of an Ethernet switch is only 1.2 5G B/s.

Zhiji LS7 chassis domain architecture

Zhiji LS7 has four domain controllers: Intelligent Connection, Intelligent Computing, Intelligent Driving, and Cockpit. Intelligent Driving and Intelligent Computing have the intention of centralized computing, but they are limited by the computing power of the chip . To achieve true central computing, Qualcomm SA8775 is needed. Class chips, these chips will not be available until 2025.