What is a CNC device?

The main function of the CNC device is to read the CNC machining program, convert it into the format required to control the movement of the machine tool and the auxiliary functions, and send it to the feed motor control unit, spindle motor control unit and PLC respectively. The CNC device with built-in PLC function has the function of solving logical quantities, and directly sends the solution results to the machine tool power control system. The CNC system with closed-loop control function will also read the actual position signal sent by the machine tool position detection device, compare it with the command position, and use the difference to control the movement of the machine tool, so as to obtain higher position control accuracy.

Composition of CNC device
The CNC device receives control information from the information carrier and converts it into the operation (command) signal of the CNC equipment. The CNC device consists of five parts: input interface, controller, arithmetic unit, memory and output interface.

Hardware structure of CNC device
In the early CNC system, its input, operation, interpolation and control functions were all realized by logic circuits composed of electron tubes, transistors, and small and medium-scale integrated circuits. Different CNC machine tools require the design of special logic circuits, which have poor reliability, function and flexibility.
With the adoption of minicomputers, the world's first CNC system came out in 1970. In 1974, the United States, Japan and other countries developed CNC systems with microprocessors as the core. After that, 8-bit, 16-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit, and 64-bit CNCs were successively applied. CNC has the advantages of small size, compact structure, rich functions and good reliability.