Detailed introduction to the functions and usage of 51 microcontroller

The 51 microcontroller is a chip with n registers inside and n pins on the outside. Since there are many types of 51 microcontroller series, the specific number of registers and pins depends on the specific model. Generally speaking, when making products, the principle is to use enough.

The microcontroller is a digital device, so its pins have only two states, namely high and low levels. For a 5V microcontroller, the high level is 5V and the low level is 0V; for a 3.3V microcontroller, the high level is 3.3V and the low level is 0V. Flat is 0V. That is, the high-level voltage is equal to the power supply voltage. Some microcontrollers integrate a DAC function, that is, a digital-to-analog converter, a module that converts digital quantities into analog quantities. The DAC output pin of a microcontroller with a DAC function can output any voltage value between 0 and the power supply voltage. Some microcontrollers have an integrated ADC function that can convert any voltage value between 0 and the power supply voltage connected to the pin into a digital quantity and store it in the internal register of the microcontroller.

The microcontroller relies on the changes in its own pin level to control the work of the chips around it to form a product. So Ration said, no matter what microcontroller, as long as you learn to control the level of its pins, you have learned half of it. For example, a microcontroller controls the conduction and cutoff of a transistor through the high and low pins. The microcontroller and the EEPROM data storage chip at24c16 form a permanent power-off data storage system that does not lose data.

The single-chip microcomputer controls the transistor conduction by using the high and low level changes of the pin. The single-chip computer controls the at24c16 data storage, which is also realized by using the high and low level changes of the pin. It just uses the at24c16 communication protocol.

The microcontroller controls external chips and generally uses specific communication protocols. Serial protocols include I2C, SPI, UART, etc., and parallel protocols include 8-bit, 16-bit, etc. Don't be intimidated by these technical terms, they are actually quite simple.