Blood Glucose Meter Based on C8051F Single Chip Microcomputer-EEWORLD

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Electrochemical Principles of Blood Glucose Measurement

The electro-biochemical principle of blood glucose measurement is that when a certain voltage is applied to the blood after the enzyme reaction, the current generated will increase as the blood glucose concentration in the blood increases. By accurately measuring these weak currents and calculating the corresponding concentration based on the relationship between the current value and the blood glucose concentration, determining this relationship is the core of the problem. However, the relationship is complex and is affected by many factors. The voltage intensity, the test strips used, and the amount of blood tested will all have an impact on it. In theory, a large number of experiments at all concentration points are required to determine the final relationship. In actual operation, it is only necessary to do a large number of experiments at several important concentration points, and then use data processing methods such as curve fitting or interpolation to determine the relationship between it and the current value.

Blood glucose measurement usually uses a three-electrode system in electrochemical analysis. The three-electrode system is relative to the traditional two-electrode system, including a working electrode (WE), a reference electrode (RE) and a counter electrode (CE). The reference electrode is used to fix the zero point, and the current flows through the working electrode and the counter electrode. The working electrode and the reference electrode form a system that is not or basically less energized. The stability of the reference electrode potential is used to measure the electrode potential of the working electrode. The working electrode and the auxiliary electrode form a energized system, which is used to measure the current passing through the working electrode. The three-electrode measurement system (Figure 1) is used to simultaneously study the relationship between the position of the working electrode and the current.

Description of the program

The blood glucose meter provides multiple operation modes to adapt to different applications. In addition, it provides free switching and automatic conversion of three common measurement units: mmol/L, mg/dl, and g/l. The conversion relationship between the three units is as follows:

1mmol/L=18 mg/dL

1mmol/L=0.18 g/L

1 mg/dL=0.01 g/L

In response to different requirements in different countries and regions, blood glucose meters can use any of the above units to display measurement results, and the conversion is achieved using special code calibration strips.

Reference address：Blood Glucose Meter Based on C8051F Single Chip Microcomputer

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