A preliminary study on the application system of Internet of Things in operating room based on RFID technology

1. Overview of scientific and technological innovation and the latest development trends in this field at home and abroad

Large hospitals serve thousands of patients every day, and consume tens of thousands of medical devices and supplies every day. The medical service process for different patients is different, and multiple diagnosis and treatment departments need to work together. In the process of medical services, the flow of medical staff, medical supplies and equipment is complicated, which poses a huge challenge to the existing medical management system. Due to the lack of strong tool support for medical service management, manual management has led to low utilization of limited medical resources, long waiting time for patients, high cost of medical services and low quality.

1.1 Analysis of the problems that medical management information technology still faces

1.1.1 The input, output and processing of information make the medical service process more complicated and increase the cost of medical services;
1.1.2 The dynamic nature of the flow of goods and personnel in the hospital makes the manual processing of information a huge workload, prone to errors, and difficult to ensure the consistency of medical information and actual medical services;
1.1.3 It is impossible to track and monitor the status of medical staff, medical equipment and items, and it is impossible to support the optimal scheduling of medical resources.

1.2 The necessity of establishing an Internet of Things application system based on RFID technology

In response to the above problems, scholars and experts at home and abroad have carried out research and application of medical Internet of Things technology, and began to apply it to the management of personnel and medical supplies in hospitals, effectively reducing medical expenses, improving medical service levels and patient satisfaction. Hospitals in the United States, the United Kingdom, Switzerland and Japan have cooperated with various research institutes to develop medical resource management systems and medical resource optimization and scheduling systems based on RFID technology, and have implemented them in hospitals. At present, scientific research institutes in China have also begun to develop corresponding management systems, but they are still in the initial stage and have not formed an industry. Due to the significant differences between my country's medical system and that of developed countries in the world, the medical resource management system developed by foreign companies is difficult to apply to the management of Chinese hospitals. Moreover, even developed countries abroad have not involved the development of medical surgery management systems.

2. The purpose and significance of the research project on the Internet of Things application system based on RFID technology

2.1 Research objectives

my country's surgical medical resources rely on manual experience and lack the support of information technology, resulting in low utilization of limited medical resources and high medical costs; and there are great safety hazards in the management of surgical medical resources. Once a medical accident occurs, it will endanger the health of patients, cause significant economic and reputational losses to hospitals, and even cause a series of social problems such as conflicts between doctors and patients. To this end, Jiangsu Jiuxin Medical Purification Engineering Co., Ltd. proposed this topic through more than ten years of experience in medical purification engineering technology and the results of early digital operating room research and development, in order to jointly use the Internet of Things technology to research and develop a surgical medical resource optimization scheduling management system with hospitals, so as to achieve comprehensive and standardized management of surgical medical resources and reduce safety risks; optimize the scheduling of surgical medical resources, improve utilization, and reduce surgical medical costs.

2.2 Research significance

Surgery is one of the main contents of medical services provided by hospitals. It involves a large number and variety of medical staff, medical equipment and consumables, but surgical medical resources are tight, medical expenses are expensive, and risks are high, so it has attracted much attention from hospitals and patients. Due to the late start of research and application of surgical information management in Chinese hospitals, the current management software does not take into account the simultaneous availability and use of medical resources such as medical staff, medical equipment and consumables during various operations. There is a lack of systematic management of medical supplies during operations, and there are hidden dangers in the safety and effectiveness of medical resources, which can easily lead to medical accidents. At the same time, there is a lack of optimized scheduling of surgical medical resources, resulting in low utilization of limited surgical medical resources and high medical costs. The main scientific value of the system includes the following aspects:

(1) Establish an electronic list of typical surgical medical resources such as orthopedics and endoscopy, and publish it in the world. Including medical supplies, medical equipment, medical staff and patients required to complete the operation, use database technology to develop a structured surgical list management system;
(2) With the highest utilization rate of operating room medical resources and the shortest waiting time for patients, establish an operating room operation model, develop computer intelligent optimization, optimize the scheduling of operating room medical resources, improve the utilization rate of medical resources, and reduce medical costs.
(3) Explore the embedding of long-distance contactless RFID technology into key medical equipment, items, patient wristbands and medical staff door cards in the operating room, establish a surgical "Internet of Things" platform that connects medical equipment, patients, medical staff and information systems, obtain the use status of medical resources in real time, establish a surgical medical resource traceability system, and provide patients with transparent and safe surgical medical services;
(4) Develop a prototype of the medical resource optimization and scheduling management system for the operating room Internet of Things.

2.3 Research content

2.3.1 Establish an electronic list of medical resources for typical surgeries, and use database technology to develop a structured surgical list management system: Study the human resources such as doctors, nurses, and caregivers involved in various typical medical surgeries, equipment resources such as medical devices, and material resources such as consumables. Use statistical methods to calculate the average consumption and variance of various resources, and consider the uncertainty and dynamic variability of medical surgeries to establish an electronic list of typical medical surgeries; use database technology to develop a structured surgical electronic list management system to support management functions such as the collection of surgical consumables, the formulation of medical equipment use plans, the scheduling of medical staff, and surgical cost accounting.

2.3.2 Establish an operating room operation model, develop computer intelligent optimization, and optimize the scheduling of operating room medical resources: Collect historical data of typical operations, study the changing rules of the arrival time and number of patients for each operation with factors such as seasons, holidays, and work and rest time, and analyze the changes in the demand for operating room medical service capacity in different seasons, holidays, and work and rest time. Using fuzzy set and rough set data mining methods, the operating room service capacity of the inspection items is divided into several typical categories, including large surplus, surplus, balance, shortage, and large shortage. Article source: One Card World. With the shortest waiting time for patients and the highest utilization rate of the operating room as the goal, establish an operating room operation model; according to the arrival rules of surgical patients, determine the "bottleneck" equipment or resources, use heuristic algorithms, and optimize the scheduling of operating room resources with the goal of maximizing the utilization rate of "bottleneck" resources; then, with the shortest waiting time for patients for surgery as the goal, on the basis of the above optimization, develop computer intelligent algorithms to optimize and adjust the allocation of operating room medical resources, so as to shorten the waiting time for patients and improve the level of medical services while ensuring the efficient use of operating room medical resources.

2.3.3 Explore the key technologies for establishing the operating room Internet of Things platform using RFID technology: Use RFID technology for automatic detection, reading and writing technology, study the RFID reading and writing middleware, the network construction between various RFID readers and writers, and the information system integration of surgical management, explore the operating room Internet of Things platform that connects patients, medical staff, medical equipment, consumables and information systems, realize automatic verification of surgical checklists and automatic recording of the use of various medical resources during the operation, study the intelligent query technology of distributed data warehouses, and realize the rapid acquisition of information on the status of medical resources in different links and under different needs.

2.3.4 Develop a prototype of a surgical medical resource management system: Taking hospital operating rooms, warehouses, disinfection cabinets, etc. as research objects, install RFID readers and writers, configure large servers, build an internal LAN, and connect various RFID readers and writers; configure long-distance contactless RFID chips for patients, medical staff, medical equipment, key equipment and surgical kits; develop a prototype of a surgical medical resource management system and complete the test.

Schematic diagram of the IoT platform in hospital operating room
3. Conclusion

The system integrates the most advanced RFID (ultra-low frequency) technology, 3G wireless communication technology, wireless networking technology, image processing technology, computer processing technology, mobile smart card technology, automatic control technology and intelligent error correction technology, and intelligent inspection system for doctors and nurses, combined with medical purification construction technology, relying on a complete network system and architecture, in the process of medical treatment, based on the IEEE 1451 Working Group (IEEE1451) and standards of smart sensor plug-and-play, and IEEE802.15.4 standards, to collect different types of sensor information, based on RFID technology, using M2M technology (i.e. the integration of wireless communication and information technology), combined with long-distance connection technologies such as GSM/GPRS/UMTS, short-distance connection technologies such as RFID and UWB, WirelessHART, Wifi, Bluetooth, Zigbee technology, XML and Corba technology, and based on GP S, wireless terminals and network location services and other technologies can achieve the connection between things and people. Through two-way communication, the whole process of monitoring and optimization of the flow of people, mainly doctors, patients, and nurses, and the logistics, mainly medicines and equipment, can be achieved, forming a complete Internet of Things system to optimize and manage the resources centered on the hospital operating room, greatly improving the hospital's operation level, efficiency and benefits.