Advantages of Supercapacitors

Supercapacitors, also known as ultra-large capacity capacitors, gold capacitors, golden capacitors, energy storage capacitors, farad capacitors, electrochemical capacitors or electric double layer capacitors (EDLC in English, Electric Double Layer Capacitors), are new electrochemical devices that store electrical energy by polarizing electrolytes. They have the characteristics of very low resistance, ultra-long life, safety and reliability, huge energy storage, and fast charging. They are new power-type energy storage components that have emerged in the past decade with breakthroughs in materials science, and their mass production has only been a few years. The world-renowned scientific journal "Discovery" magazine in the United States listed supercapacitors as one of the world's seven major technological discoveries in 2006 in its January 2007 issue, believing that supercapacitors are a revolutionary development in the field of energy storage and will replace traditional batteries in some areas.

The reason why supercapacitors have huge capacitance is that capacitors store energy by dividing charges. The larger the area for storing charges, the smaller the distance the charges are separated, and the greater the capacitance. Supercapacitors get their charge storage area from porous carbon-based electrode materials. The porous structure of this material allows it to have a surface area of ​​up to 2,000 square meters per gram of weight. The distance separating charges in supercapacitors is determined by the size of the ions in the electrolyte, and its value is less than 10 angstroms. The huge surface area plus the very small distance between charges make supercapacitors have a large capacitance. The capacitance value of a supercapacitor unit can range from one farad to several thousand farads.

As a new type of energy storage device, supercapacitor has super power storage capacity. In terms of energy storage mechanism, it is highly reversible, has a long life, can be charged and discharged repeatedly for tens of millions of times, and has a large current. In addition, it has a wide voltage range and operating temperature range. It combines the high-current fast charging and discharging characteristics of traditional capacitors with the energy storage characteristics of batteries, filling the gap between ordinary capacitors and batteries in terms of specific energy and specific power. Its discharge specific power is nearly ten times higher than that of batteries, making up for the technical gap between aluminum electrolytic capacitors and rechargeable batteries, while overcoming the defects of both. It has both the energy storage characteristics of batteries and the power characteristics of capacitors. Its energy density is thousands of times higher than that of traditional electrolytic capacitors, up to the order of 1000W/kg, and the leakage current is thousands of times smaller. It has a super-large capacity of thousands of farads or even tens of thousands of farads, large energy storage and long time; it can instantly release hundreds to thousands of amperes of current, and large current discharge or even short circuit will not have any effect on it; it can be charged and discharged more than 100,000 times without any maintenance and maintenance, and its life span is more than ten years. It can be used in working state with extremely large current instantaneous discharge, and it is not easy to produce heat and fire. The charging time is very short and can be completed within a few seconds. It is an ideal high-power secondary power supply. It can be used in extremely harsh environments such as extremely low temperature, and it has no environmental pollution. It is safe and reliable, has a wide range of applications, is green and environmentally friendly, and is easy to maintain. It is a breakthrough component to improve and solve the application of electric power.