Analyze the development trend of LED lighting design and development

Room lighting is inseparable from lamps, which are the concentrated reflection of lighting. They are not only tools to complete the functions of room buildings and create visual conditions, but also part of room decoration, and the unity of lighting technology and architectural art. Modern lamps not only play the role of lighting in the room, but also are the main components of creating the atmosphere of the room environment. By using the shape of lamps and the coordination of their light and color, the room environment can have a certain atmosphere and artistic conception, embody a certain style and personality, increase the beauty of architectural art, and make the interior space more in line with people's psychological and physiological needs and aesthetic tastes.

As a new lighting technology, LED has attracted worldwide attention for its application prospects, especially high-brightness LED, which is hailed as the most valuable light source in the 21st century, and will surely cause a new revolution in the field of lighting. Since the emergence of white light LED , it has advantages that other traditional light sources cannot match, both in terms of light-emitting principle and function. Therefore, LED lighting has become a trend in the field of indoor lighting in the 21st century. LED will replace traditional incandescent lamps and fluorescent lamps, and traditional indoor lighting fixtures have faced severe challenges. The content and form of lamp design are mainly light. The new LED light source has promoted the innovation of lighting fixture design and development, which has changed our lighting concept to a great extent, freeing us from the limitations of traditional point and line light sources. The language and concept of lamp design can be freely played and re-established. Lamps have greater flexibility in the creative expression of visual perception and form. Residential lighting fixtures will develop towards more energy-saving, health, artistic and humanized.

1. Energy saving

Research data shows that since LED is a cold light source , semiconductor lighting itself does not pollute the environment. Compared with incandescent lamps and fluorescent lamps, the power saving efficiency can reach more than 90%. Under the same brightness , the power consumption is only 1/10 of ordinary incandescent lamps and 1/2 of fluorescent lamps. If LED replaces 50% of our current traditional lighting, the amount of electricity saved in China each year is equivalent to the total power generation of a Three Gorges Power Station, and its energy-saving benefits are very considerable.

2. Health

LED is a green light source. LED lamp is DC driven , has no flicker; has no infrared and ultraviolet components, no radiation pollution, high color rendering and strong luminous directionality; has good dimming performance, and will not produce visual errors when the color temperature changes; cold light source has low heat and can be safely touched; these are all unattainable by incandescent lamps and fluorescent lamps. It can not only provide a comfortable lighting space, but also meet people's physiological health needs well. It is a healthy light source that protects eyesight and is environmentally friendly.

At present, single LED has low power and low brightness, so it is not suitable to be used alone. However, assembling multiple LEDs together to design practical LED lighting fixtures has broad application prospects. Lighting fixture designers can determine the shape of the lighting fixture optical system , the number of LEDs and the power size according to the lighting object and the requirements of luminous flux ; they can also combine several LED light tubes to design a "secondary light source" of point light source, ring light source or surface light source, and design the lighting fixture according to the combined "secondary light source".

3. Artistic

Light color is a basic element of visual aesthetics and an important means of beautifying the room. The choice of light source directly affects the artistic effect of light. LED has shown unparalleled advantages in the artistic display of light color. At present, color LED products have covered the entire visible spectrum, and have good monochromaticity and high color purity. The combination of red, green and yellow LEDs makes the selection of color and grayscale (16.7 million colors) more flexible. Lamps are luminous sculptures. The material form of lamps constructed by materials, structures, forms and textures is also an important means of displaying art. LED technology enables indoor lamps to better combine scientificity and artistry, breaking the boundaries of traditional lamps and transcending the inherent concept of so-called lamp forms. The design of lamps recognizes, understands and expresses the theme of light from a new perspective in the artistic and creative expression of visual perception and form. We can more flexibly use the combination of light and dark, the combination of light and color, the advantages of material and structural design in optical technology, and increase the degree of design freedom to weaken the lighting function of lamps, so that lamps become a kind of visual art and create comfortable and beautiful lighting art effects. For example, LED lamps made of translucent synthetic materials and aluminum that resemble candles can be placed on the ground, in the corners of the wall or on the table. The design is simple and relaxed, and the visual perception and light experience conveyed by the shape turn the lamps into living organisms full of interest and vitality.

4. Humanization

Undoubtedly, the relationship between light and people is an eternal topic. "People see the lamp, I see the light", it is this classic saying that has changed the understanding of countless designers on lamps. The highest realm of lamps is "shadowless lamps", which is also the highest embodiment of humanized lighting. There is no trace of any common lamps in the room, so people can feel the light but cannot find the light source, which reflects the humanized design that perfectly combines light and human life.

LED lamps are small and light, and can be combined with LEDs of different light colors to form various modules with soft illumination , which can be installed in the room at will. The light source of the room lighting lamps may come from the ground, walls, windowsills, furniture, decorations, etc. Therefore, in the future, room lighting will no longer be limited to a single lamp, but will be transformed from a single lamp to a shadowless lamp with an overall lighting effect without the sense of lighting equipment. Different light colors and brightness can have different effects on people's physiology and psychology. In many cases, people do not need very bright white light, and yellow light or other colors of light may be more suitable for physiological and psychological needs. The three-primary color LED can realize the continuous transformation and selection of brightness, grayscale, and color, so that
the lighting is expanded from white light in the general sense to light of multiple colors.

Therefore, people can set the lighting effect according to the overall lighting needs (such as color, temperature, brightness and direction, etc.), realize humanized intelligent control, and create different indoor lighting effects. Even if there are only LED luminous ceilings and luminous walls in the room, people can choose and control the brightness, grayscale, and color changes of light in different spaces and times according to their own requirements, scene conditions, and different understandings of the environment and life, simulate various light environments to guide and improve emotions, and reflect a more humanized lighting environment.

V. Conclusion

As LED technology matures, LED will achieve more and better development in the field of indoor lighting design and development. In the 21st century, indoor lighting design will be dominated by LED lighting design, which will fully reflect the trend of energy-saving, healthy, artistic and humanized lighting development and become the dominant force in indoor lighting culture. In the new century, LED lighting will surely illuminate everyone's room and change everyone's life, becoming a great revolution in the development and design of lighting.