How to repair lead-acid batteries

1. First , prepare the equipment to be used , including the negative pulse repairer, tools and materials, including a flat-blade screwdriver , a straw (or disposable syringe), a transparent polyethylene tube (diameter matches the suction port of the straw or syringe), distilled water or lead-acid battery supplement , ABS glue or 502 glue. 2. During the initial charging and capacity test , the following points should be noted: ( 1 ) Initial charging: Connect the red fish clip of the charger output line to the positive pole of the lead-acid battery to be charged, and connect the black fish clip of the charger output line to the negative pole of the lead-acid battery to be charged. Then turn on the power switch of the charger, the green power indicator lights up, and the yellow charging indicator starts to flash within 1s . When the charged power reaches 75 %, the charging indicator starts to light up and the yellow saturation indicator starts to flash. When the saturation indicator lights up, it means that the lead-acid battery has been charged to 100 % (the saturation indicator flashes for more than 10h , indicating that the lead-acid battery has been charged to 100 %), and charging should be stopped. Cut off the charger power switch, remove the fish clip of the charger output line, let the lead-acid battery stand for 30 minutes , and then retest the open circuit voltage of the lead-acid battery. ( 2 ) Capacity test The lead-acid battery capacity tester has an adjustable discharge detection current of 1-10A , which can simultaneously display the online battery voltage, discharge time, and estimate the battery capacity. It can detect the car battery and judge the degree of battery damage according to the discharge status, so as to determine the treatment plan for battery failure. After connecting the red and black alligator clips correctly according to the battery polarity, turn on the power switch. The first meter will display 10.5V , representing the discharge cut-off voltage. If you press the middle conversion key during this period, the cut-off voltage will be set to 0V (deep discharge). If you do not make a choice, the instrument will automatically switch to the voltage state within 3 seconds, and the cut-off voltage is set to 10.5V by default . At this time, the voltmeter will display the no-load voltage of the connected battery. After pressing the start button, the battery starts to discharge detection. Press the middle conversion key to view the discharge time, current, voltage and other values. After the discharge starts, switch to the current display mode, and adjust the corresponding knob on the right to set the discharge current, which can be adjusted from 1-10A . The battery automatically stops when it detects 10.5V . Capacity calculation formula: discharge time x discharge current = battery capacity. For example: discharge for 2 hours, the discharge current is set to 5A , then the detected capacity is: 2 × 5 = 10AH (ampere-hour). If the nominal capacity of the battery shell is 17AH , then the capacity at this time is 10AH/17AH=58.8% of the nominal capacity ( 3






) How to add water to lead-acid batteries : To add water to lead-acid batteries for electric bicycles, the following operating procedures should be followed: ① Preparation. Use distilled water and pure acid to prepare the electrolyte, the ratio is 500mL of distilled water and 0.5mL of pure sulfuric acid. Prepare a standard rubber exhaust valve for use. The tools required are a screwdriver , a straw (can be replaced with a disposable syringe), a transparent polyethylene tube (its diameter should be suitable for the suction port of the straw or syringe), and ABS glue. ② Pry open the cover above the lead-acid battery along the exhaust hole. The covers of some lead-acid batteries are bonded with ABS glue, and the covers of some lead-acid batteries are connected with buckles. Be careful not to damage the covers when prying them open. At this time, you can see the rubber caps of 6 exhaust valves. ③ Open the rubber caps to expose the exhaust holes, and you can see the inside of the lead-acid battery through the exhaust holes. The exhaust valves of some lead-acid batteries can be unscrewed, and there are some fillers around the rubber caps of some lead-acid batteries. Be careful to remove the fillers. ④ Use a pipette to absorb the prepared electrolyte and inject it from the vent. The electrolyte should just cover the plate by 1mm . ⑤ Cover the vent of the lead-acid battery filled with electrolyte with a breathable cover to prevent dust from falling into the vent. Stand still for 24 hours and observe whether there is flowing electrolyte (free acid) inside the vent. If not, add electrolyte. Put a 20cm long transparent polyethylene sleeve on the vent and charge the lead-acid battery with a nominal voltage of 12V with a 16.2V constant voltage and current limit without covering it . Use a CD-1205K charger to keep it in a charging state. After it is fully charged normally, it will continue to replenish water and charge. It is best to put the lead-acid battery in an acid-resistant container when charging to prevent the overflowing electrolyte from polluting the environment and corroding the equipment. After charging until the red light flashes for 3 hours , the lead-acid battery is considered to be fully charged for the first time. After the initial replenishment charge is completed, check whether there is still electrolyte on the surface of the lead-acid battery pole group. If there is no electrolyte, add electrolyte and then recharge; if there is electrolyte in the 6 grids, use a straw to suck out the excess electrolyte. After covering the exhaust valve, pay attention to restore the filling. If the rubber exhaust valve is opened and found to be damaged, it is best to replace it. If its characteristics are very good, it can be left unchanged, but its elasticity must be checked; if the elasticity is not good, the exhaust valve must be replaced. For all lead-acid batteries that need to be rehydrated, before rehydration, the lead-acid batteries work under a high sulfuric acid specific gravity state, and there are different degrees of sulfate blooms, either lightly or heavily, so the lead-acid batteries must be pulsed to remove sulfate blooms after rehydration. Pay attention to the following points when adding electrolyte or rehydrating lead-acid batteries: ① The electrolyte height should be 1.0 to 1.5mm above the plate . For those with two red lines, the electrolyte should not exceed the upper red line. When the electrolyte is too full, it will overflow from the small hole in the lead-acid battery cover. Because the electrolyte is conductive, once it flows between the positive and negative electrodes of the lead-acid battery, a self-discharge circuit will be formed. In this case, the electrolyte should be wiped off or rinsed with water. ② If something accidentally falls into the electrolyte when adding electrolyte, do not use metal objects to pick it up. Use a wooden stick to clamp out the impurities. If you use iron wire or copper wire to pick it up, the metal molecules will enter the lead-acid battery under the corrosion of sulfuric acid to form self-discharge and damage the lead-acid battery. ③ During the charge and discharge repair process of the lead-acid battery, the water in the electrolyte will gradually decrease due to electrolysis and evaporation, causing the electrolyte level to drop. If it is not replenished in time, it may shorten the service life of the lead-acid battery. Distilled water should be added in time.