Access control: From fingerprint to face recognition technology in-depth interpretation

In order to further adapt to the requirements of high security, the access control system has also undergone changes in RFID card access control, fingerprint access control, iris recognition access control, and facial recognition access control systems.

Introduction to Fingerprint and Face Recognition

1. Fingerprint recognition access control

Fingerprint access control system uses human biometric fingerprints for identity security identification. It has the characteristics of irreplaceability, non-replication and uniqueness. It uses high-tech digital image processing, biometrics and DSP algorithms for access security and personnel identification control. It is a new generation of access control system that meets modern security requirements. This system replaces traditional keys and existing IC and ID card functions with fingers. It uses the diversity and invariance of human fingerprints to provide users with safe and reliable encryption methods. When using it, just place your finger flat on the collection window of the fingerprint collector to complete the unlocking task. The operation is very simple. It also avoids the losses caused by the loss and theft of keys, the forgery of identification cards or the deciphering of password locks caused by traditional mechanical locks, identification cards, and password locks. At the same time, the system also has a screen Chinese character display function, thereby enhancing the protection measures of access control and realizing the function of security management.

2. Facial Recognition Access Control

Facial recognition is also known as face recognition, facial image recognition, facial recognition, etc., and is referred to as face recognition below. Facial recognition can be used to identify the identity of those who attempt to enter a protected area. Facial recognition systems can be used for corporate and residential security and management.

Facial recognition is a technology that identifies people based on their facial features, and includes both standard video recognition and thermal imaging technologies.

Standard video recognition uses an ordinary camera to record the facial features of the person being photographed, such as the shape and relative position of the eyes, nose, and mouth, and then converts them into digital signals for identification by computer. Video facial recognition is a common form of identification and is now widely used in the field of public security.

Thermal imaging technology mainly generates facial images by analyzing the thermal radiation generated by facial blood. Unlike video recognition, thermal imaging technology does not require a good light source and can be used even in dark conditions.

The intelligentization and bio-based access control system marks another milestone in the security industry. With the support of new technologies, the access control system will inevitably move towards new glory.

Advantages and applications of fingerprint recognition technology

Fingerprint recognition technology was developed earlier in the field of biometrics. As the biometric technology with the longest research and development history, it has the following advantages:

1. Fingerprints are unique features of the human body, and their complexity is sufficient to provide sufficient features for identification;

2. Everyone's fingerprints are quite fixed and difficult to change;

3. Easy to obtain fingerprint samples, easy to develop identification systems, and strong practicality;

4. The fingerprints of a person's ten fingers are different, which can improve the security of the system;

5. The template (sample) for fingerprint recognition is not the fingerprint image, but the key features extracted from the fingerprint image. In this way, the storage space for storing fingerprint templates is much smaller than that for storing fingerprint images;

6. When reading fingerprints, the user must put his finger in contact with the fingerprint collection head. Direct contact with the fingerprint collection head is the most reliable way to read human biometrics. This is also a major reason why fingerprint recognition technology can occupy most of the market;

7. The fingerprint collection head can be more compact and the price will be lower.

It can be seen that fingerprint recognition technology is currently the most convenient, reliable, non-invasive and inexpensive biometric technology solution, and has great potential for large-scale application.

In a broad sense, fingerprint recognition devices can be used in any system or product that requires identity authentication. Its main application areas are as follows:

1. Criminal investigation: The earliest application of fingerprint identification technology and products. Due to the characteristics of professional needs, more 1:N mode fingerprint database retrieval is used.

2. Access control: This is a field where fingerprint feature recognition technology and products are widely used. Due to the environmental characteristics of access control applications, fingerprint products are more likely to meet demand indicators. Most of them are integrated with computer systems to form access control and management systems.

3. Finance: As financial business involves funds and customers’ economic secrets, in the process of financial electronicization, in order to ensure the safety of funds and protect the interests of bank customers and banks themselves, the necessity and safety of using fingerprints to verify identity in business management and operation management have received increasing attention. The application of fingerprint identity authentication products in the financial industry has shown a growing momentum.

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4. Social security: The social security system, especially the payment of pensions, requires strict personal identity authentication. Fingerprint identity authentication can reliably guarantee the unique binding correspondence between the social security card and the holder, and is a field that is very suitable for fingerprint identity authentication.

5. Household registration: With the issuance of a new generation of citizen ID cards, fingerprint identity authentication technology and products are the best way to enhance the accuracy and strength of government administration in terms of household registration and population management.

Advantages and applications of face recognition

The face recognition market is still in the market cultivation stage, and its development space is very broad. It has received great attention in recent years. As an emerging biometric technology, compared with iris recognition, fingerprint scanning, palm scanning and other technologies, face recognition technology has unique advantages in application:

Easy to use: Face recognition technology uses a general-purpose camera as a device for obtaining identification information. It is a completely non-contact method that completes the identification process without the identification object noticing, and the identification object will not have any psychological rejection emotions;

Outstanding intuitiveness: The human face is undoubtedly the most intuitive information source that the naked eye can judge, and the basis used by face recognition technology is the human facial image, which is convenient for manual confirmation and auditing, and "judging people by their appearance" conforms to the laws of human cognition;

Not easy to counterfeit: Face recognition technology requires that the person being identified must be present at the scene of the identification, which is difficult for others to counterfeit. The unique liveness discrimination ability of face recognition technology ensures that others cannot deceive the recognition system with inactive photos, puppets, or wax figures, which is difficult to do with biometric recognition technologies such as fingerprints;

High recognition accuracy and fast speed: Compared with other biometric technologies, face recognition technology has a higher recognition accuracy and lower false recognition and rejection rates;

Use universal equipment: The equipment used for face recognition technology is generally universal equipment such as PCs and cameras. Since computers and closed-circuit television monitoring systems have been widely used, for most users, the use of face recognition technology does not require the purchase of a large number of special equipment, which not only protects the user's original investment but also greatly expands the system function. At the same time, it also improves the security performance of the system and meets the user's security needs;

In general, face recognition technology is a high-precision, easy-to-use, highly stable, difficult-to-counterfeit, and cost-effective biometric recognition technology with extremely broad market application prospects.

1) Monitoring and control

Real-time multi-channel camera on-site recognition and alarm prompts of hundreds of thousands of controlled objects, widely used in airports, railway stations, banks and other places to realize the control of specific groups of people.

2) Public Security Photo Search System

One of the problems currently faced by the public security system is that it cannot fully utilize the millions of photo resources (ID cards, temporary residence permits, etc.) on hand. When a photo is obtained during the investigation, the identity of the person cannot be effectively located. Manual photo comparison is almost impossible to complete, and a large amount of police force and time can only be spent on investigation. The use of face recognition to achieve rapid face search and search fully reflects the power of technology to strengthen the police.

3) Access control

Another mainstream application direction of face recognition is that it has the advantage of being contactless and intuitive, convenient and easy to check afterwards.

4) Identity Recognition

Applications include examination room candidate identification system, public security bureau criminal scoring system, etc.

Outlook for Face Recognition and Fingerprint Recognition

1. Facial recognition sales are expected to exceed 10 billion in 2010

In the emerging information security application field, face recognition technology provides a more secure, reliable and easy-to-use means of identity authentication, thereby improving the security performance of the entire network information system and effectively curbing all kinds of network crimes. At the same time, face recognition technology can be conveniently combined with the original technology in the traditional security field, greatly improving the intelligence, security and ease of use of the original system, expanding the application field of the original system, and thus promoting the technological upgrading of traditional industries.

After several years of development, more and more manufacturers have joined the market competition in the face recognition industry, which has also accelerated the further maturity of this market. The economic crisis has made manufacturers with relatively high R&D costs feel more or less performance pressure, but as long as they can effectively use resources, actively develop potential user needs, and deepen services, the rapid development of face recognition is still the general trend. According to statistics, in mainland China alone, face recognition is expected to reach an annual sales market size of over 10 billion in 2010.

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2. Development trend of fingerprint recognition in the security field

The application innovation of fingerprint recognition technology will continue to be a new growth point in the application of fingerprint technology in the security field. In the next few years, the following application fields will develop rapidly:

(1) Application of fingerprint technology in e-commerce

With the popularization of the Internet, online shopping, online transactions, online payments, and online entertainment, the security issues in e-commerce have received widespread attention, which also provides a good development space for the application of fingerprint recognition technology. Using fingerprint recognition technology to solve access control and identity confirmation problems in e-commerce applications will be the next focus of the application of fingerprint recognition technology in e-commerce systems.

(2) Application of fingerprint technology in banking, securities and other financial fields

Financial fields such as banking and securities have always been the key application industries for security products.

In the financial field, with the comprehensive promotion and use of bank teller identity fingerprint authentication systems, especially the promotion of teller fingerprint authentication systems throughout the China Construction Bank, the application of fingerprint recognition technology in other fields of the financial industry will be promoted.

In terms of internal control and internal management of banks, in addition to the bank teller identity authentication system that is currently in use, fingerprint escort systems, fingerprint two-door control systems, and fingerprint vault door control systems will gradually be recognized and applied; in terms of applications for bank customers, fingerprint recognition technology will be gradually applied to user identity authentication in savings, ATM withdrawals, etc.; fingerprint POS machines will gradually replace traditional card POS, fingerprint payments will gradually replace card payments, and fingerprint USBKey digital certificates will gradually replace traditional USBKey digital certificates. In corporate online banking, fingerprint recognition technology will also be introduced for operator identity authentication.

(3) Application of fingerprint technology in the transportation field

The application of fingerprint technology in the transportation field will gradually expand from the current relatively single driver training fingerprint management system to fingerprint-based vehicle driving recorders, fingerprint-based professional qualification certificate management, fingerprint-based special vehicle management, driver identity fingerprint authentication in transportation and logistics systems and other application fields.

(4) Application of fingerprint technology in e-government systems and internal office automation systems of enterprises

E-government systems and internal office automation systems will also be the key areas for the application of fingerprint recognition technology. In terms of system access control, fingerprint identity authentication will be used to enter and exit network systems, computer systems, e-government systems or office automation systems; in terms of identity confirmation, fingerprint electronic seals will be used for identity confirmation.