Explanation of the principles of mobile phones Part II Chapter 1 Principles Functional circuits of mobile phones ETACS, GSM cellular phones are transceivers working in duplex mode. A mobile phone includes a wireless receiver (Receiver), a transmitter (Transmitter), a control module (Controller), a human-machine interface (Interface) and a power supply (Power Supply). Digital mobile phones can be divided into two major parts from the circuit: radio frequency and logic audio circuits. The radio frequency circuit includes the demodulation output from the antenna to the receiver, and the circuit from the transmitted I/Q modulation to the power amplifier output; the logic audio includes the central processing unit, digital voice processing and various memory circuits from the reception demodulation to the reception audio output, the transmission voice pickup (transmitter circuit) to the transmission I/Q modulator and the logic circuit part. See Figure 1-1. The structure of the printed circuit board is generally divided into three parts: logic system, radio frequency system, and power supply system. In the mobile phone, these three parts cooperate with each other and complete the various functions of the mobile phone under the unified command of the logic control system. Figure 1-1 Block diagram of the structure of a mobile phone Note: The circuit of a dual-band mobile phone usually adds some DCS1800 circuits, but a considerable part of the circuits are shared by DCS and GSM channels. Chapter 2 Radio Frequency System The radio frequency system consists of two parts: radio frequency receiving and radio frequency transmitting. The radio frequency receiving circuit completes the functions of filtering, signal amplification, demodulation, etc. of the received signal; the radio frequency transmitting circuit mainly completes the functions of modulation, frequency conversion, power amplification, etc. of the voice baseband signal. In order for a mobile phone to obtain the service of the GSM system, it must first have a signal strength indication and be able to enter the GSM network. Whether the radio frequency receiving system or the radio frequency transmitting system fails in the mobile phone circuit, it can cause the mobile phone to be unable to enter the GSM network. For the Ericsson and Samsung series mobile phones on the market, when the radio frequency receiving system is not faulty but the radio frequency transmitting system is faulty, the mobile phone has a signal strength value indication but cannot access the network; for other series of mobile phones such as Motorola and Nokia, no matter which part is faulty, it cannot access the network and there is no signal strength value indication. When searching the network manually, if the network can be searched, it means that the radio frequency receiving part is normal; if...
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