Technology 1 Chapter 1: Introduction to Mobile Phone Functional Circuits This chapter systematically analyzes some commonly used functional circuits in the RF part, logic audio part and power supply part of mobile phones. Flexible application and mastery of this knowledge are the prerequisites for rapid judgment and analysis of faults. Therefore, it is very necessary for trainees to understand and master the contents of this chapter. Section 1 Analysis of RF Receiving Functional Circuit 1. Basic composition of receiving circuit Mobile communication equipment often uses superheterodyne frequency conversion receivers. This is because the signal received by the antenna induction is very weak, and the input signal level required by the discriminator is high and stable. The total gain of the amplifier generally needs to be above 120dB. With such a large amount of amplification, it is actually difficult to use a multi-stage tuned amplifier and make it stable. In addition, the passband width of the high-frequency frequency selective amplifier is too wide. When the frequency changes, all the tuning circuits of the multi-stage amplifier must be changed accordingly, and it is difficult to achieve unified tuning. The superheterodyne receiver does not have this problem. It converts the received RF signal into a fixed intermediate frequency, and its main gain comes from the stable intermediate frequency amplifier. There are three basic framework structures of mobile phone receivers: one is a superheterodyne single conversion receiver, one is a superheterodyne double conversion receiver, and the third is a direct conversion linear receiver. The core circuit of the superheterodyne receiver is the mixer, and the circuit structure of the receiver can be determined according to the number of mixers in the mobile phone receiver circuit. 1. Superheterodyne single conversion receiver A receiver with only one mixer circuit in the RF circuit is called a superheterodyne single conversion receiver. The principle block diagram of the superheterodyne single conversion receiver is shown in Figure 4-1. It includes an antenna circuit (ANT), a low noise amplifier (LNA), a mixer (Mixer), an intermediate frequency amplifier (IF Amplifier) and a demodulator circuit (Demodulator). Motorola mobile phone receiving circuits basically use the above circuits. The working process of the superheterodyne single-conversion receiver is as follows: the wireless cellular signal (GSM900 frequency band 935,--960MHz or DCS1800 frequency band 1805---1880MHz) sensed by the antenna continuously changes frequency and enters the receiving circuit through the antenna circuit and RF filter. The received signal is first amplified by the low-noise amplifier, and the amplified signal is then sent to the mixer after passing through the RF filter. In the mixer, the RF signal and the receiving VCO signal...
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