Design of ultrasonic rangefinder based on 51 single-chip microcomputer Design of ultrasonic rangefinder based on 51 single-chip microcomputer Technology classification: Test and measurement Source: 21IC China Electronics Network/Xu Hai College of Electronics, China University of Mining and Technology 04-1 Bao Haihong Published: 2007-06-11| | |[pic]Related DataSheet of this article: 74LS244 DS18B20 AT89S51 1. Design requirements Design an ultrasonic rangefinder, which can be applied to the position monitoring of automobile reversing, construction sites and some industrial sites, and can also be used for occasions such as liquid level, well depth, and pipeline length measurement. The measurement range is required to be 0.10-3.00m, the measurement accuracy is 1cm, there is no direct contact with the measured object during measurement, and the measurement results can be displayed clearly and stably. 2. Design ideas Ultrasonic sensor and its ranging principle Ultrasonic wave refers to a mechanical wave with a frequency higher than 20KHz. In order to use ultrasonic wave as a detection method, it is necessary to generate ultrasonic wave and receive ultrasonic wave. The device that completes this function is an ultrasonic sensor, which is usually called an ultrasonic transducer or ultrasonic probe. Ultrasonic sensors have transmitters and receivers, but an ultrasonic sensor can also have the dual functions of sending and receiving sound waves. Ultrasonic sensors use the principle of piezoelectric effect to convert electrical energy and ultrasonic waves into each other, that is, when emitting ultrasonic waves, electrical energy is converted to emit ultrasonic waves; and when receiving echoes, ultrasonic vibrations are converted into electrical signals. The principle of ultrasonic ranging generally adopts the time of flight method TOF (time|[||p||i||c||]||[||p||i||c||]|offlight). First, measure the time it takes for the ultrasonic wave to return from the emission to the obstacle, and then multiply it by the speed of the ultrasonic wave to get twice the distance between the sound source and the obstacle. There are many ways to measure distance. A ruler can be used for short distances, and laser ranging can be used for long distances. Ultrasonic ranging is suitable for high-precision medium and long distance measurements. Because the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves in standard air is 331.45 meters per second, a single...
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