In the development process of channel coding, coding researchers have been committed to pursuing channel coding schemes with performance as close to the Shannon limit as possible and low decoding complexity. In 1993, Berrou et al. proposed Turbo codes, which can still achieve low bit error rates at low signal-to-noise ratios close to the Shannon limit. Its appearance has attracted widespread attention in the coding community and has become one of the latest development directions in the field of coding research. However, Turbo codes also have their disadvantages. Due to the existence of the interleaver, the decoding complexity is high, the decoding time is extended, and there is an error platform phenomenon due to low code repetition. Based on Turbo codes, Pyndiah et al. proposed Turbo product codes in 1994. Turbo product codes inherit the advantages of Turbo codes. Because the construction of Turbo product codes uses linear block codes, the decoding method is simpler than that of Turbo codes. In recent years, Turbo product codes have begun to be widely used in various communication occasions, and are likely to replace traditional convolutional codes. This paper first expounds the basic knowledge involved in the coding and decoding principle of Turbo product codes; then, according to the current application status of Turbo product codes, the development history of Turbo codes is reviewed; secondly, according to the construction principle of Turbo product codes, the construction method, interleaving type, subcode selection and subcode performance are discussed; thirdly, the probability decoding of Turbo product codes, the iterative algorithm based on external information, and the Chase decoding algorithm are studied; finally, the iterative decoding algorithm is implemented through software simulation, and the results obtained meet the requirements of communication reception. This paper also preliminarily expounds the design scheme of the hardware implementation system of Turbo product codes. According to the non-standard signals encountered in actual work, the overall module design diagram, the functions of the corresponding modules and the various parameters of the connection between modules are given. And the synchronous search and phase ambiguity removal functions under the mode are realized. Finally, according to the various problems encountered in the research, the next work suggestions and research directions are proposed.
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