Disassembly report: Tesla Model Y USB-C fast charging module
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In recent years, the country has encouraged the public to purchase new energy vehicles and introduced corresponding subsidies and exemption from license plate restrictions. In addition, new energy vehicles have lower operating costs and are quieter and more comfortable in electric mode. More and more people are beginning to accept this new type of car.
Since electricity is the basis of this type of car, its system is also very intelligent. Take Tesla's Model Y as an example. It is equipped with an ultra-large touch screen that displays all vehicle functions in a centralized manner and supports rich functions such as voice interaction and games. In addition, it is equipped with a USB port, and the owner can achieve fast charging and data transmission by plugging in a cable/U disk, which is very convenient.
As described on Tesla's official website, the Model Y has two USB-C ports at the front and rear, and the two front C ports are located in the armrest box.
Close-up of the two USB ports in the back row. The close-up pictures of the ports are all real shots taken inside the Tesla Model Y by the charging head network.
Against the backdrop of the global chip shortage, pure electric vehicles such as Tesla Model 3/Y are particularly affected. For Model 3/Y produced under the "chip shortage" situation after November 6, 2021, the data function of the front and rear USB-C ports has been cut off, leaving only the power supply function.
Recently, the charging head network has obtained the USB-C fast charging module for Tesla Model Y produced under the "chip shortage" situation. Let's take a look.
The module adopts a green PCB board design, and the shielding cover is particularly conspicuous.
By comparing the distance between the two C ports, it can be found that this module is the fast charging module built into the front armrest box of Tesla Model Y.
First, the maximum length of the PCB board was measured to be 76.86mm.
In addition, in a simulated DC 24V environment, ChargerLAB POWER-Z KT002 was used to measure that the USB-C port supports the PD3.0 fast charging protocol.
It also has three fixed voltage levels: 5V3A, 9V3A, and 12V3A, and supports a maximum 36W PD fast charging output.
It was measured that the other C port also only supports PD3.0 fast charging protocol.
In addition, it also has three fixed voltage levels of 5V3A, 9V3A, and 12V3A. That is, the two C ports support blind power plug-in, which is convenient to use.
When charging an Apple iPad, the charging power was measured to be 11.94V 2.65A 31.63W.
When charging an Apple MacBook, the charging power was measured to be 11.87V 2.21A 26.23W.
When testing the PDO of dual-port output at the same time, one table shows that it supports 5V3A and 9V3A gears, while the other table does not show it. It can be seen that it still follows the common dual-port output voltage reduction strategy.
2. Disassembly and Analysis
Through wiring tests, it was found that both C ports only support the PD3.0 fast charging protocol, with three voltage levels of 5V3A, 9V3A, and 12V3A, and are well compatible with Apple's iPhone, iPad, MacBook and other devices that support the PD fast charging protocol.
Next, let’s take a look at the specific circuit design on the board to show you the actual situation of the Model Y front fast charging module without the data function.
Looking at the front of the PCB board, the most obvious thing is that there is a data transmission circuit pad reserved in the center but no devices are soldered to it. There is a six-pin ESD chip next to the two USB-C sockets, and at the bottom there are filter inductors and MOS tubes for controlling power supply.
The empty pads are used for USB data transmission. The empty chip space in the middle is responsible for data transmission of the two USB-C ports. The empty chip space in the lower left corner is used for wireless connection function, and the device corresponding to the USB interface is not output.
The Tesla brand logo is also printed on the edge.
A look at the back of the board shows the step-down circuit covered with a shielding cover and foam padding on the upper left corner.
Inside the shielding cover is the step-down circuit of the car charger module.
Two KEMET automotive-grade high-temperature-resistant polymer tantalum capacitors are used for input filtering, with specifications of 33μF 35V and AEC-Q200 certified.
MPS MPQ4272 dual synchronous buck converter is used for the module's two C-port buck outputs. MPQ4272 supports a maximum input voltage of 36V and a load current of up to 3A per output, which can achieve a 60W dual-output power solution. In addition, it provides telemetry functions for voltage, current and temperature monitoring, with high efficiency, low power consumption, and low temperature rise.
There are also two 4R7 step-down inductors in the shielding area, which work with MPS MPQ4272 for dual-channel step-down.
Close-up of another 4R7 step-down inductor.
Two MPS MPQ5031 protocol chips are used to control the output voltages of the two C ports respectively. This is a PD controller that can support charging protocols such as QC3.0/PD3.0/BC1.2/Apple divider. It has a built-in VBUS switch tube and supports NTC thermistor to monitor temperature.
Close-up of another MPS MPQ5031 protocol chip.
MOS tube with silk screen 4401.
Close-up of the 2R2 filter inductor.
There is also a 2R2 filter inductor on the other side.
Close-up of the six-pin ESD chip next to the interface, used for electrostatic protection of USB data pins.
Close-up of another six-pin chip.
Close-up of the USB-C socket, fixed with via welding.
Another close-up of the mother socket, with the words L1306 on the metal shell.
As a pre-installed charger for Tesla electric vehicles, this charger uses very good materials. The input end uses KEMET automotive-grade high-voltage polymer capacitors with multiple 1210 and 1206 packaged MLCC filters, and uses a full set of MPS automotive-grade chips for voltage reduction and protocol control.
As a dual-channel independent synchronous buck converter, MPQ4272 is paired with two MPQ5031s for independent interface control to achieve dual-port independent output, support a maximum of 36W PD fast charging, and can be blindly plugged in, which is very convenient.
This epidemic not only threatens the lives and safety of the general public, but also affects the production activities of all walks of life. Even Tesla cannot avoid it. The current Model 3/Y cars can no longer have both fast charging and data transmission functions as before, which is indeed a bit regrettable.
However, some car companies have launched a strategy of delivering vehicles first in order to attract consumers, and then support recall and installation when the goods are available. Therefore, friends who have urgent needs can make more comparisons when buying a car.
Author: Editor of Charging Head Network
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