A quick guide to NFC (Near Field Communication)

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A quick guide to NFC (Near Field Communication) [Copy link]

NFC development history
NFC function is mainly used in mobile phones and has become popular in recent years, but its origin can be traced back to 2003. At that time, Philips and Sony planned to develop a wireless communication technology compatible with contactless card technology. Therefore, Philips sent a team to Japan to work with Sony engineers to develop this technology. Three months later, the two companies jointly released the research and development results, a wireless communication technology compatible with the current ISO14443 contactless card protocol, and named it NFC (Near Field Communication)

In order to promote the development and popularization of NFC, Philips, Sony and Nokia jointly established a non-profit industry association in 2004 - NFC Forum, which aims to promote the implementation and standardization of NFC technology and ensure collaboration between devices and services. NFC Forum has hundreds of members around the world, including: NOKIA, SONY, Philips, LG, Motorola, NXP, NEC, Samsung, Atoam, Intel, among which Chinese members include Meizu, BBK, vivo, OPPO, Xiaomi, China Mobile, Huawei, ZTE, Shanghai Tongyao and Taiwan Zhenglong.
　　NFC principle information
In terms of principle, NFC exchanges data through contactless point-to-point data transmission (within ten centimeters) between devices. This mode is similar to infrared and can be used for data exchange, but the transmission distance is shorter, the transmission creation speed is faster, the transmission speed is also faster, and the power consumption is low. In terms of specific use, users can link two NFC-enabled devices to achieve point-to-point data transmission, such as downloading music, exchanging pictures or synchronizing device address books.
Detailed explanation of the application of NFC function of near-field wireless communication technology
In terms of technology, NFC and Bluetooth are very similar in function. They are both short-range communication technologies and are integrated into mobile phones. However, NFC does not require a complicated setup program. Therefore, NFC can also be a simplified version of Bluetooth. But its speed is not as fast as Bluetooth. NFC's maximum data transmission rate of 424 kbit/s is much smaller than Bluetooth V2.1 (2.1 Mbit/s).
　　NFC is officially put into use
Since its launch in 2003, NFC has been favored and supported by many companies for its excellent security and ease of use. Therefore, in 2005, Visa and Philips began to cooperate in major NFC tests at the Philips Arena in Atlanta, Georgia, USA. Subsequently, France and Taiwan also conducted related application tests in the same year.
Detailed explanation of the application of NFC function of near-field wireless communication technology
Until 2007, the NFC test project was officially launched in China, and the test locations included several cities including Beijing, Xiamen and Guangzhou. The test equipment was the Nokia 6131i model with a built-in NFC chip launched by Nokia. This phone is pre-downloaded with a transportation card that can be used in the municipal transportation system. Using this phone, users only need to open a prepaid account to buy tickets and shop in certain shopping malls. Due to the huge potential of the Chinese market, tens of millions of consumers joined the NFC test period in China. Therefore, this year is also known as the year of NFC's "application launch".
Detailed explanation of NFC function application of near field wireless communication technology
After NFC became popular and successfully promoted in China, related NFC devices have emerged in an endless stream. In addition to NFC-enabled mobile phones, in 2011, BlackBerry mobile phone manufacturer RIM and security access card and reader provider HID Global announced that some of RIM's new BlackBerry mobile phones will be equipped with HID Global's iCLASS digital certificates. BlackBerry Bold and Curve models equipped with NFC are compatible with HID Global's iCLASS readers, which are widely used in building access control systems, student ID readers, and tracking employee sign-in and attendance.
NFC tag

Although NFC is powerful in function, it cannot be separated from the help of tags. Currently, there are four types of tags that support NFC, which are marked with "1" to "4". Different tags have different formats and capacities. Let's take a look at the differences between these four tags.
Detailed explanation of the application of NFC function of near-field wireless communication technology
Tag 1 Type: This type is based on the ISO14443A standard. This type of tag has the ability to read and rewrite, and the user can configure it as read-only. The storage capacity is 96 bytes (can be expanded to 2K bytes at most), which is more than enough to store URLs or other small amounts of data. The communication speed of this type of NFC tag is 106 kbit/s. This type of tag is simple, so it is cost-effective and suitable for many NFC applications.
Tag 2 Type: This type of tag is also based on ISO14443A, has the ability to read and rewrite, and the user can configure it as read-only. Its basic memory size is 48 bytes, but it can be expanded to 2k bytes. The communication speed is also 106 kbit/s.
Tag 3 Type: This type of tag is based on the Sony FeliCa system. It has a memory capacity of 2k bytes and a data communication speed of 212 kbit/s. Therefore, this type of tag is more suitable for more complex applications, but the cost is higher.
Tag 4 Type: This type of tag is defined as compatible with ISO14443A and B standards. It is pre-set to be readable/rewritable or read-only during manufacturing. The memory capacity can reach 32k bytes, and the communication speed is between 106 kbit/s and 424 kbit/s.
From the above definitions of different tag types, it can be seen that the first two categories are very different from the last two categories in terms of memory capacity and composition. Among them, the first and second types of tags are dual-state, which can be read/write or read-only. The third and fourth types are read-only, and the data is written during production or written through a special tag writer.
　　NFC practical functions
Since mobile phones are rigid electronic devices that users must have, and thanks to their intelligent systems that are powerful for the use of NFC functions, the main NFC devices are mobile phone products. As major manufacturers have joined the NFC ranks, the use of methods such as NFC has also emerged in an endless stream. However, in general, the use of NFC functions can be divided into five categories:
Near Field Wireless Communication Technology Detailed Explanation of NFC Function Applications
1. Touch and Go, such as access control management, tickets and tickets, etc., users can place the device storing tickets or access control passwords close to the card reader, which can also be used for logistics management.
2. Touch and Pay, such as contactless mobile payment, users can place the device close to the POS machine embedded with an NFC module to make payments and confirm transactions.
3. Touch and Connect, such as connecting two NFC devices for peer-to-peer data transmission, such as downloading music, transferring pictures and exchanging contacts.
4. Touch and Explore, users can place NFC phones close to smart public telephones or posters with NFC functions on the street to browse traffic information, etc.
5. Load and Touch, users can receive or download information through the GPRS network for payment or access control functions. As mentioned above, users can send text messages in a specific format to the mobile phone of the housekeeper to control the access rights of the housekeeper to the residence.

Not long ago, a netizen broke the news that mobile phones that support NFC function can easily read some bank card information and the card user's recent withdrawal amount without a password after turning on the function. After the news broke, it attracted the attention of many consumers. Regarding this
matter, the author used a mobile phone with NFC function and a bank card to conduct actual tests. The test results confirmed that the NFC function of the mobile phone can indeed read the user's bank card information and withdrawal amount. From the functional point of view, it is indeed convenient for users to check bank card access information at any time, but from the perspective of privacy, whether it is safe is believed to be the most concerned point for users. Regarding
this issue, experts have already explained that there are indeed certain security risks in NFC reading bank cards. Bank card numbers and transaction records may indeed be read by others, but the possibility is not high because NFC has a relatively high distance requirement. However, it is not ruled out that there are high-power NFC devices that can also be read at a slightly longer distance. After the bank card information is read, the main hazard is that criminals will combine multiple information such as mobile phone numbers and ID cards to steal money. Therefore, try to avoid close contact between bank cards and other people's mobile phones and other devices. Even if the bank card number is read, it is difficult for criminals to steal without sensitive information such as mobile phone number and ID number.
Summary: Through the above introduction, I believe everyone has a comprehensive understanding of NFC. Although this function is still a high-tech product at present, it has been more than 10 years since its birth. In terms of practical application, NFC is also gradually expanding its scope. I believe that in the future NFC will be popularized in a wider range of fields and develop into a trend, deeply integrated into people's daily life applications.

w494143467

At present, NFC is indeed used in more and more places. You can take a look at the seminar held by ST manufacturer on November 27th, where the works of this competition are displayed. My works are among them~

alan000345

NFC doesn't seem to be very easy to use, sometimes it doesn't work.

ohahaha

w494143467 Published on 2020-10-21 20:41 NFC is indeed being used in more and more places. You can take a look at the seminar held by ST manufacturer on November 27, where the works of this competition are displayed, and mine is among them~ ...

Wow, that's worth a look. What did you do?

w494143467

ohahaha posted on 2020-10-22 16:02 Wow, I have to see it. What did you do

NFC-based smartwatch, implemented directly using the official development kit

alan000345

It is very convenient to use this card swiping on the bus, and this function on the mobile phone is very useful.