Linux self-study notes (II) Linux disk partition

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Linux self-study notes (II) Linux disk partition [Copy link]

Continued from the previous article: 1. Linux disk partition Anyone who has used a computer knows that it is best to partition the hard disk. For example, in the Windows system, the C drive usually stores the system and programs, and the D drive usually stores files... In this way, if the data in a partition is lost, the data in other partitions are still there. It is also convenient to manage. The same is true for Linux, which usually partitions the hard disk. The hard disk partition includes primary partitions and logical partitions. There can be at most four primary partitions (Primary), and the logical partition (Logical) is an extension of the primary partition. In this way, multiple partitions can be divided. For users, it feels more convenient. This is actually similar to Windows. The difference is that Windows has different drive letters. Linux does not have drive letters, and it opens one folder at a time. But there is no difference in essence. This matter is not particularly important for getting started. You will naturally understand it after more exposure, so I will skip it here. 2. Linux boot processTo put it simply, the process from boot to operating system startup is roughly as follows: 1. BIOS: The program that is actively executed when the computer is booted, and it will recognize the first bootable device; 2. MBR: The main boot record block in the first sector of the first bootable device, which contains the boot management program; 3. Boot management program (boot loader): A software that can read and execute core files; 4. Core files: Start the functions of the operating system... You can just know these things roughly, and there is no need to pay too much attention to them. 3. Directory tree structure All data in Linux is organized in the form of folders, so it is very important to master the directory structure. The structure is as follows:

“/" represents the root directory. You can see each folder when you open the filesystem. This is actually similar to what Windows looks like. But the real difference starts here: all devices are placed in the directory as files. This action is called "mounting", and the directory of this entry point is called "mount point". For example, if a CD-ROM drive is installed in the computer, there will be an extra folder in the file system, and the user will see "/media/cdrom/". Of course, it is also possible to mount it under other directories. This is the first major difference between Linux and Windows that we come into contact with. In short, in Linux, whether it is hardware or software, for the operating system, they are all files, existing in the form of directories and files. Fourth, install Linux Installing a Linux is too troublesome and inconvenient for a novice. Generally speaking, it is better to use a virtual machine as a practice. I am uploading a Linux virtual machine. After uploading it in a while, I will provide the link to everyone. You can use it directly. Download link : Fill in later.

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