Analysis of PDM technology and its application in automobile manufacturing industry 2

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Analysis of PDM technology and its application in automobile manufacturing industry 2 [Copy link]

4 Functions of PDM
At present, various commercial PDM software products are similar and generally have the following main functions (as shown in Figure 3).

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4-1 Electronic warehouse and document management
For most enterprises, many different computer systems and different computer software are needed to generate various data required throughout the product life cycle, and these computer systems and software may also be built on different network systems. In this case, how to ensure the timeliness and accuracy of these data, and how to make these data fully shared throughout the enterprise, while also ensuring that the data is protected from intentional or unintentional damage, are all urgent issues that need to be solved.
PDM's electronic warehouse and document management provide storage, retrieval and management functions for distributed heterogeneous data. In PDM, data access is completely transparent to users, and users do not need to care about the specific location of electronic data. The security mechanism of the electronic warehouse allows administrators to define different roles and assign these roles different data access rights and scopes. By assigning corresponding roles to users, data can only be obtained or modified by authorized users. At the same time, in PDM, the release and change of electronic data must go through a pre-defined approval process before it can take effect, so that users always get the correct information that has been approved.
4-2 Product structure and configuration management
Product structure and configuration management is one of the core functions of PDM. This function can be used to manage product structure and configuration information and bill of materials (BOM). Users can use the graphical interface provided by PDM to view and edit product structure.
In the PDM system, parts and components are organized according to their assembly relationships. Users can associate various product definition data with parts and components to ultimately form a complete description of the product structure. Traditional BOMs can also be automatically generated using PDM. In an enterprise, the product structure of the same product is different in different departments, so the PDM system also provides the function of organizing product structure by product view. By establishing corresponding product views, different departments of the enterprise can organize product structures in the form they need. When the product structure changes, the networked product structure view can be used to analyze and control the impact of the change on the entire enterprise.
4-3 Lifecycle (workflow) management
The lifecycle management module of PDM manages the dynamic definition process of product data, including macro processes (product life cycle) and various micro processes (such as the approval process of the pattern). The management of product life cycle includes retaining and tracking all historical records of the product from concept design, product development, production and manufacturing to the end of production, as well as defining the processing steps that must be taken when the product is converted from one state to another.
Administrators can construct product design or change processes by combining the basic processing steps of product data. These basic processing steps include specifying tasks, approval, and notifying relevant personnel. The construction of the process is based on the analysis results of various business processes in the enterprise.
4-4 Integrated development interface
The situations of various enterprises vary greatly, and the needs of users are also diverse. No PDM system can adapt to the situations of all enterprises. This requires that the PDM system must have strong customization and secondary development capabilities. Now many PDM products provide secondary development toolkits. PDM implementers or users can use such toolkits to customize work for the specific situation of the enterprise.
5 PDM in the automobile manufacturing industry
Automobile manufacturing enterprises are comprehensive enterprises. Effective management of various types of automobile product data, improving the information management level of automobile manufacturers, and thus realizing concurrent engineering of automobile design and manufacturing are the key to automobile manufacturing enterprises at present. Now explain from the following aspects.
5-1 Parts Processing Management
The basis of production management is to clarify the correspondence between the whole vehicle and parts and components. Grasp the latest processing situation and transmit information to relevant departments in a timely manner as needed. To this end, a product structure tree can be compiled. The hierarchical structure of the tree represents the assembly order of parts. The corresponding nodes are parts, assemblies or assemblies. The nodes can express the relevant information of parts and components.
5-2 Equipment Management
The investment in equipment and tooling used in the automobile manufacturing industry has increased sharply with the expansion of the scale of the enterprise, and the variety has also increased. As the equipment tends to be large-scale, combined and automated, the process equipment used in the manufacturing process also tends to be large-scale, diversified, complex and efficient, and the price of equipment and tooling has also increased significantly. At the same time, the proportion of transportation equipment and inspection equipment continues to increase, and the importance of equipment management has been paid more attention. Take tool management as an example. Whenever a vehicle is modified or the process changes, it should be closely coordinated with the process plan and equipment plan to formulate a detailed tool plan, and carry out a series of daily management business activities such as tool design, purchase, inventory management, manufacturing, and repair.
5-3 Quality Management
Under many production conditions, a large number of unqualified products may be produced, and preventive measures must be taken. In the planning and manufacturing stages of the product, carefully analyze the various factors that affect the quality, such as the processing and monitoring of the body online detection data, and the processing and analysis of the control chart of the offline monitoring data to determine whether the process status is normal.
5-4 Engineering Change
Engineering change is a very important business in the production and operation activities of automobile manufacturing enterprises. When user needs change, suppliers change, product quality problems occur, and deviations occur in the product production and manufacturing process, the need for engineering changes may be raised. Generally, the technical management personnel first issue an engineering change order, set the change authority, and assign designers and process personnel to modify the corresponding drawings, documents, product structures, etc. The change person and change time of each change are automatically generated by the system and filled in the change mark column. If the number of changes exceeds a certain number, the system alarm prompts to re-draw. Changes to the process route will be reflected in the attributes of the BOM. Then, the designer fills in the change order, issues the change data, fills in the distribution column information, and enters the change approval stage. Next, go to the production management department, specify the production batch number and usage time, and go to the procurement department to provide the supply information of raw materials, parts and components. Finally, according to the distribution information, issue the corresponding drawings, documents, and BOM to each execution department and outsourcing factory, and each department prints and executes.
5-5 Comprehensive Information Management
By establishing a comprehensive product information feedback form in PDM, each department can provide the implementation status, design and quality problems, solutions and rationalization suggestions of each stage of the product in real time, give full play to the parallel, high-speed and multimedia transmission characteristics of electronic information, and make the PDM system an information exchange platform, so as to realize the market, design, process, manufacturing, production management, procurement, after-sales service, quality inspection, finance, comprehensive and other departments to work together in the PDM environment.
In the implementation of PDM in automobile manufacturing enterprises, it is necessary to understand the precautions for the implementation of general PDM systems and combine the characteristics of the automobile industry.
In the selection of PDM, since PDM is an enterprise-level management software that needs to be implemented in a targeted manner, enterprises should prioritize the necessary and optional functions of the software according to their own needs and specific goals to be achieved, and find suitable suppliers to provide strong technical support and service capabilities. At the same time, attention should be paid to the industry background and implementation capabilities of the internal implementation team.
The implementation of PDM in the enterprise requires an overall and integrated awareness. Before implementing PDM, the enterprise must formulate corresponding rules and regulations and conduct serious training for all relevant personnel.
In the management of product data and its relationships, PDM should provide classification management and other functions to support design reuse, and must be able to fully integrate or inherit the company's historical data. Product data mainly exists in electronic media (for design) and paper media (mainly for guiding production). Enterprises should formulate corresponding systems to ensure the consistency of paper documents and electronic documents. For product development models, it is necessary to transform from centralized development to collaborative product development in heterogeneous and distributed environments, and develop from departmental and enterprise-level product data systems to product life cycle management systems.