Smart cars usher in an era of cross-industry integration

New energy vehicles have developed from electrification in the first half to the second half. They are not only intelligent, but also ushered in an era of industrial integration.

The first half of the automobile industry is electrification, and in the second half, Zhang Yongwei, vice chairman and secretary-general of the Electric Vehicles Committee of 100, believes that the focus should be on the integration of automobiles and other industries.

Different from the pure automobile industry, in the era of great integration, in addition to developing the capabilities of vehicles themselves, we also need to consider the relationship between cars and roads and cities, the relationship between cars and energy and electricity, the relationship between cars and data and computing power, and the relationship between cars and Communication and network relationships.

At the Longzhong Forum of the 100-person Electric Vehicle Conference held from August 30 to 31, building an ecology of multi-industry integration of Che Neng Lu Yun became the theme of the conference.

01.

What is Chenengluyun? Why should we develop the multi-industry integration ecosystem of Chenengluyun?

Ouyang Minggao, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that Che Neng Luyun involves automobiles, energy, information and transportation. In the early stages of the development of new energy vehicles, these industries were a loose combination. However, with the development of technology and markets, these industries will gradually develop from a loose combination to deep integration.

Take charging as an example. In the early slow charging era, the relationship between charging companies, automobile manufacturers and battery suppliers was relatively loose. However, with the popularity of electric vehicles, the number of vehicles has increased, and the load on urban distribution networks has also increased. Continued The use of disordered charging will put huge pressure on the distribution network. Therefore, charging has a close relationship with the power grid.

The development of fast charging technology requires that batteries, vehicles, and charging piles must cooperate with each other. At the same time, excessive pressure on the power grid also determines that energy storage is needed for discharge most of the time. Therefore, the automobile industry and the energy storage industry have also developed a close relationship. Adding photovoltaics to charging stations also creates connections with the photovoltaic industry.

At the energy level, new energy vehicles will also have a close relationship with energy storage and power grids in the future. Xu Dingming, deputy director of the National Energy Expert Advisory Committee and member of the National Climate Change Expert Committee, said that building a new energy system must gradually develop from the three elements of energy, grid, and load to the four elements of energy, grid, load, and storage. The power industry also needs From the three elements of source, network and load to the four elements of source, network, load and storage, that is to say, the development of energy storage.

In the future, electric vehicles will become a node in the entire energy Internet, connecting power supply, transportation and users. They will serve as small power plants, small energy storage plants and users.

Ouyang Minggao also mentioned that in the future, vehicle-grid interaction will be realized. The car battery will not only draw power from the grid for charging, but will also serve as an energy storage device to discharge the grid, forming an interactive relationship. Ouyang Minggao said that aggregating many electric vehicles to form a virtual power plant can not only further increase the number of vehicles without causing excessive load on the distribution network, but can even reduce the load on the distribution network, further increasing the number of photovoltaic and wind power plants. of volatile energy. In other words, photovoltaic and wind power are stored through electric vehicles. Assume that there will be 300 million electric vehicles in the end, each with 60 to 70 kilowatt-hours of electricity, which adds up to 20 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity. It will be a very large sponge energy storage method that can be used to introduce more photovoltaic and new energy sources.

The intelligence of vehicles requires the cooperation of information. The involvement of a large amount of big data, artificial intelligence, cloud computing and other information industries will also make cars replace current mobile phones as the largest intelligent terminal.

The cloud will be the best platform for interoperability with various OEMs, traffic management and travel service platforms. Based on the cloud, digital transportation services can be better built. Cloud large models are also a good prerequisite for promoting smart transportation and better implementation of connected autonomous driving.

Ouyang Minggao said that the development of Che Neng Road Cloud to promote the establishment of an industrial integration ecosystem will also enable the current one-flower bloom of new energy vehicles to lead to the blooming of a hundred flowers in the Chinese economy.

02.

From vehicle-road collaboration to vehicle-city collaboration

So, how to promote the construction of Chenengluyun's multi-industry integrated ecology?

Zhang Yongwei, vice chairman and secretary-general of the Electric Vehicles Committee of 100, believes that the first thing that needs to be resolved is the relationship between cars and roads, and cars and cities.

In the relationship between vehicles and roads, Zhang Yongwei believes that vehicle-road collaboration and bicycle intelligence are actually complementary and not contradictory. Any technical route has its bottlenecks. For example, single-vehicle intelligence cannot solve the problem of long-distance judgment, and vehicle-road collaboration cannot solve the problem of quick decision-making. However, vehicle-road collaboration can help make cars smarter and realize problems that it cannot solve. Both There is a relationship of mutual learning and mutual empowerment.

Our country formulated the "China Intelligent Vehicle Innovation and Development Strategy" from 2018 to 2020. The strategy clarifies the basic reasons why we take the vehicle-road collaboration route. The first is the advantages of the automobile industry, the second is the advantages of communication networks, and the third is the advantages of infrastructure. , and the fourth is the institutional advantage of concentrating efforts on big things.

In the construction of vehicle-road coordination, the first step is to build roads. At present, thousands of kilometers of intelligent roads have been built across the country. Zhang Yongwei said that this is a very good accumulation of practice, but it also exposed some problems, namely, the road usage rate is not high and the participation of car companies is not high. Because the early idea was to build an intelligent road to serve fully autonomous vehicles, but there are currently no such vehicles, resulting in a surplus of road functions.

And how should the future road be built? Zhang Yongwei believes that we should follow the principles of low cost, wide coverage, strong supervision and emphasis on application.

The first is classification. Urban roads and highways have different service scenarios, so they should also have different positioning in intelligent construction.

The second is grading. In the construction of urban roads and expressways, iterative construction should also be based on the needs of different stages. At present, the demand for intelligent roads is not very abundant. Simple intelligent roads should be built at a lower cost. As the functional requirements increase, the content of road construction should be gradually increased. Building smart infrastructure with a continuous iteration rather than a closed-loop approach can reduce resource waste.

The third is step by step. That is, first build the areas that are most needed, such as intersections, and then introduce roads in the entire area.

After controlling the cost issue, we still need to solve the input-output issue. Zhang Yongwei believes that how to realize the economy of intelligent road construction is to wait for more users and more vehicles to enter the vehicle-road collaboration system, and secondly to expand the application of vehicle-road collaboration horizontally. In other words, from vehicle-road collaboration Expand to ride collaboration. It can not only improve the use function of vehicle-road collaboration, but also allow cars to obtain services provided by the city's digitalization in addition to vehicle-road collaboration, so that vehicles can be supported on both the roadside and the city side.

To realize vehicle-road collaboration, what is needed is the Internet of Vehicles, which solves the problems of V2G and V2X and enables effective and instant communication between vehicles and vehicles. What car-city collaboration needs is the Internet of Things. The Internet of Things solves the problems of digitalization and networking of urban public infrastructure and urban municipal facilities. The network support formed by the integration of the Internet of Things and the Internet of Vehicles will provide the necessary key infrastructure for future autonomous vehicles.

To realize the synergy of the construction of these two networks, data connectivity is required, that is, putting the Internet of Vehicles data and urban IoT data on a data base platform to achieve data connectivity, and then form a car-oriented network based on this base data. , transportation and smart city applications. That is to form a fixed base, supporting three vertical applications of city, transportation and automobile on one base.

Zhang Yongwei said that the establishment of car-city collaboration will bring good functional support to both cars and cities. As a mobile sensing unit, the car's sensing information can serve the management and governance of the city and will become an intelligent terminal for urban governance and management. City data can empower cars to become intelligent and help car owners obtain information about urban infrastructure, such as parking lot information and various road information.