Solar powered aquaculture intelligent monitoring robot based on GSM module

my country's industrial aquaculture has made significant progress and has gradually moved from traditional pond farming to industrial farming. However, due to the low level of existing factory farming technology and facilities, the application of automatic monitoring and detection technology is even more backward. Most of them are greenhouse flow fish farming, and sewage is directly discharged without treatment. The environmental parameters of the breeding pond are only regularly tested, and they cannot be adjusted at any time according to the activity of the fish. That is, they are still in the primary mode of factory farming. Water quality directly affects the growth and development of the breeding objects, which is related to the output and economic benefits. Continuous real-time automatic monitoring of various parameters of the breeding water body can not only automatically control the environmental factors, but also bring aquaculture management to a new level. Therefore, it is very meaningful to realize an aquaculture environment monitoring system.

This robot can realize accurate measurement of the environmental parameters of the breeding pond, automatically detect and control the temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen content, ammonia nitrogen and other environmental factors of the breeding environment, provide a suitable environment for aquatic products, implement scientific breeding functions, and achieve the goals of low cost, safety, high quality and high yield.

Composition of functional modules

(1) Solar power supply module

The robot can use the energy stored in the solar panels to power the microcontroller and peripherals, achieving the goal of green energy saving and pollution-free. During the day, the solar panels store energy for the battery and provide power for the robot; at night, the battery powers the robot. Thus, the robot does not need to be powered by an external power source, and a self-sufficient environmentally friendly robot is realized.

(2) GSM module

The robot can collect environmental factors of water quality in real time. If the oxygen content in the water is insufficient, the robot will automatically send a text message to the owner of the aquaculture to inform the owner to take corresponding measures, such as turning on the oxygen supply equipment. The camera on the robot can capture the surrounding environment. If a suspicious person enters the pond to conduct illegal activities, the GSM module will also send a text message to notify the security personnel to take measures to reduce the occurrence of accidents and achieve the purpose of safety monitoring.

(3) Camera module

The camera installed on the robot can rotate 360° to shoot the environment around the pond, which serves the purpose of security. The 360° rotation of the CCD camera is controlled by the servo motor at the bottom. The servo motor can accurately rotate a given angle, allowing the camera to shoot in all directions. The robot transmits the photos taken to the host computer through a wireless universal asynchronous receiver and transmitter to provide image information for monitoring personnel. If a wireless network is used, real-time video transmission can also be achieved.

(4) Sensor module

Dissolved oxygen sensors, temperature sensors, pH sensors, and ammonia nitrogen sensors are used to automatically detect and control environmental factors such as temperature, pH value, dissolved oxygen, and ammonia nitrogen in the breeding environment.

(5) Driver module

The robot can move freely in the water, collect environmental factors such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH value in different waters, and minimize the error. The drive device uses a motor to drive the rotation of the blades, so that the robot can run to the designated location in the water to measure environmental factors according to the instructions of the host computer. The drive module uses the BTS7960 high-current half-bridge motor driver chip, and uses two half-bridges to form a full bridge to realize the forward and reverse rotation of the motor. The speed of the motor is controlled by PWM speed regulation.

(6) GPS module

The robot uses the GPS module to achieve accurate positioning. The robot's location information is sent to the host computer in real time, so that the monitoring personnel can know the robot's current location, which is convenient for the monitoring personnel to perform subsequent operations and controls.

(7) Bluetooth module

When the owner of the breeding pond is within 10m of the robot, he can use his mobile phone to communicate with the robot through the Bluetooth serial port module, and the robot transmits environmental factors such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH value collected by the sensor to the owner through Bluetooth. The Bluetooth module can also be used to locate the robot, put in feed, pick up debris in the water, and other operations.

Design of host computer monitoring software

The monitoring interface of the host computer is written in VB, and the location information of sensors, cameras, and GPS is reflected on the monitoring interface. The host computer also needs to dynamically display various environmental factors in the form of curves in the window.

Design of the lower computer (robot)

The robot uses the MIPS-Based PIC32 microcontroller provided by the competition to perform data processing and control operations and complete the coordination work of various functional modules.

Communication between the robot and the host computer and the farmer

The robot transmits data via a wireless asynchronous transceiver.

Summarize

By remotely monitoring aquaculture environmental factors in real time, robots can achieve the following: (1) Energy saving. By monitoring the dissolved oxygen content, the oxygenator start-up time can be reduced, saving electricity; (2) Reducing aquaculture costs and increasing production. By monitoring the environment, a suitable environment is provided for aquatic products, reducing the occurrence of diseases, and reasonable feeding can reduce feed waste; (3) It can reduce manual labor intensity and improve labor efficiency.

System Block Diagram

Software process introduction:

1. Use PIC32 microcontroller as the main control unit to process the information of 7 functional modules (solar power supply module, GSM module, camera module, sensor module, driver module, GPS module, Bluetooth module). First, initialize the registers of each functional module and start the program execution. Real-time sampling, store the image information of the camera in an array, compress the image, and send the image information to the host computer through the wireless UART asynchronous transceiver after compression. After receiving the image information, the host computer restores the binary number into a picture. At the same time, the microcontroller performs image processing and identifies the suspicious person. At this time, the sound and light alarm device is triggered, and a short message is sent to the mobile phone user to remind the user that there is an intrusion of a suspicious foreign person, notify the executive agency, and take corresponding measures.

2. The single-chip microcomputer samples four sensors (dissolved oxygen sensor, temperature sensor, pH sensor, and ammonia nitrogen sensor) in real time, performs signal processing such as filtering, amplification, and shaping, and sends the samples to the single-chip microcomputer. The single-chip microcomputer compares the four measured values ​​after AD conversion with the environmental factor indicators. If the environmental factor indicators are not met, an alarm is triggered and a text message is sent to notify the mobile phone user that the environmental factor is abnormal, triggering the actuator to perform operations such as feeding and starting the oxygen supply machine.

3. The GPS module sends the current location signal to the microcontroller, and the microcontroller then uploads the location signal to the host computer.

4. The host computer communicates with the single-chip computer through a wireless module. The host computer depicts the information of each sensor as a curve graph, and the host computer depicts the current position information of the robot in the plan view of the breeding pond, which is convenient for monitoring personnel to observe the environmental conditions of the breeding farm. The host computer can also send commands to the robot at any time to control the robot to move to a designated location and perform operations such as feeding.