Application of LED light sources in the film and television industry and stage lighting

As a new type of light source, LED has attracted wide attention due to its energy saving, long life and no pollution. Especially during the Beijing Olympic Games, a large number of LED technologies were successfully applied, achieving unexpected results. As a result, local governments have supported the LED industry in recent years, leading to a large number of companies involved in this field. 2010 is the first year for the popularization of the domestic LED light source industry: more than half of the world's urban LED lighting projects are completed by Chinese companies, the penetration rate of LED flashlights in the traditional flashlight market exceeds 80%, and the total increase in the market size of LED display products has reached a new high. At the same time, the cost price of LED light source products has dropped by more than 50% compared with a few years ago... This has brought us new understanding and thinking of LED products.

1. Overview of LED light source

LED (Light Emitting Diode) is a solid-state semiconductor device that can directly convert electricity into light. The heart of the LED is a semiconductor chip, one end of the chip is attached to a bracket, one end is the negative pole, and the other end is connected to the positive pole of the power supply. The entire chip is encapsulated by epoxy resin.

The light source used is LED energy-saving lamp, which uses high-brightness white light-emitting diode as the light source. It has the advantages of high luminous efficiency, low power consumption, long life, easy control, maintenance-free, safety and environmental protection. It is a new generation of solid cold light source, which is more energy-saving, brighter, farther and has better lighting performance than tubular energy-saving lamps.

2. Characteristics and advantages of LED light source

1. High efficiency and energy saving: only a few kilowatt-hours of electricity are consumed in one thousand hours (an ordinary 60W incandescent lamp consumes 1 kilowatt-hour of electricity in seventeen hours, and an ordinary 10W energy-saving lamp consumes 1 kilowatt-hour of electricity in one hundred hours).

2. Super long life: semiconductor chips emit light, no filament, no glass bulb, not afraid of vibration, not easy to break, the service life can reach 50,000 hours (the service life of ordinary incandescent lamps is only one thousand hours, and the service life of ordinary energy-saving lamps is only more than eight hours.).

3. It can work at high speed. If the energy-saving lamp is started or turned off frequently, the filament will quickly turn black and break.

4. Solid-state packaging: It belongs to the cold light source type. Therefore, it is very convenient to transport and install, and can be installed in any miniature and closed equipment. It is not afraid of vibration and basically does not need to consider heat dissipation.

5. LED technology is advancing with each passing day. Its luminous efficiency is making amazing breakthroughs and its price is constantly decreasing.

6. Beneficial to human health: The light does not contain ultraviolet rays and infrared rays, and does not produce radiation (ordinary light contains ultraviolet rays and infrared rays).

7. Green and environmentally friendly: It does not contain harmful elements such as mercury and xenon, is easy to recycle and disassemble, and does not generate electromagnetic interference (ordinary lamps contain elements such as mercury and lead, and the electronic ballasts in energy-saving lamps will generate electromagnetic interference).

8. Light distribution technology expands the LED point light source into a surface light source, increases the light-emitting surface, eliminates glare, sublimates visual effects, and eliminates visual fatigue.

9. Integrated design of lens and lampshade: The lens has both focusing and protective functions, avoiding repeated waste of light and making the product more simple and beautiful.

10. The high-power LED flat cluster packaging and the integrated design of the heat sink and lamp holder fully guarantee the LED heat dissipation requirements and service life, fundamentally meet the arbitrary design of the LED lamp structure and shape, and have the distinctive characteristics of LED lamps.

11. Protect eyesight: DC drive, no flicker (ordinary lamps are AC driven, which will inevitably produce flicker).

12. High light efficiency: low heat generation, 90% of the electrical energy is converted into visible light (80% of the electrical energy of ordinary incandescent lamps is converted into heat energy, and only 20% is converted into light energy).

13. Impact-resistant and lightning-resistant: No filament and glass shell, no problem of traditional lamp tubes breaking, no harm to the human body.

14. High safety factor: The required voltage and current are small, the heat is small, there is no potential safety hazard, and it is suitable for high-risk places such as mines.

15. Strong environmental adaptability and great market potential: low voltage, DC power supply, battery, solar power supply, suitable for remote mountainous areas and outdoor lighting and other places with power shortage or low power supply.

16. Work under low thermal voltage, safe and reliable: surface temperature ≤60℃ (when ambient temperature Ta=25℃).

17. Wide voltage range, universal for global use: 85V~264VAC full voltage range constant current, ensuring that life and brightness are not affected by voltage fluctuations.

18. Adopt PWM (pulse width modulation) constant current technology, high efficiency, low heat and high constant current accuracy.

19. Reduce line loss and no pollution to the power grid: power factor ≥ 0.9, harmonic distortion ≤ 20%, EMI meets global indicators, reduces power loss in power supply lines and avoids high-frequency interference pollution to the power grid.

20. Universal standard lamp holder, can directly replace existing halogen lamps, incandescent lamps, and fluorescent lamps.

21. The luminous efficiency can be as high as 80lm/W, with a variety of color temperatures to choose from, high color rendering index and good color rendering.

3. Application of LED light sources in the film and television industry

1. Application of LED light sources in the video display industry

The rapid maturity of the LED light source industry and the increasing scope of its application have also affected the display industry. In the IT industry, LEDs are mainly used in display devices, such as notebook screens, LED-light LCD TVs, LED-light rear-projection DLP splicing walls, LED-light micro-projectors, business and home projectors, etc. The application of LED light sources in the emerging display market is developing rapidly.

With the acceleration of the entertainment and digitalization of projectors, some LED projectors with a brightness of about 200lm have been launched, and the price is relatively reasonable. Industry experts believe that whether it is ordinary lighting or as a display light source in LCD TVs, projectors and other systems, the positioning of LED light sources must be "a comprehensive replacement product for the original technology" and a product that will definitely be popularized. Moreover, this popularization process should be very rapid. The LED light source industry belongs to the traditional semiconductor industry, and is very similar to the industrial process and structure of semiconductor devices such as memory and CPU. At the same time, the concentration of the LED industry, especially the concentration of upstream and midstream technologies, is not high. Many companies are involved in semiconductor material growth, chips, epitaxy, packaging, etc. It can also be seen from the speed and degree of improvement in the luminous performance and price reduction of LED light source products in recent years that this is an emerging product that can be quickly popularized.

(II) Application of LED light sources in movie screens

As a novel electronic dynamic graphic dot matrix display screen, LED movie screen is a kind of information release media that can work automatically and continuously in the public, a wonderful embellishment that can set off the atmosphere and decorate the environment, and an advertising tool that attracts thousands of eyeballs at the forefront of consumption. Whether it is an individual business operator or a big brand manufacturer, they can use LED electronic scrolling display screen to attract customers, introduce products, show brand and decorate the environment! Create greater wealth for merchants.

LED display screens have developed into various types.

(1) LED display screens can be divided into single-primary color display screens, dual-primary color display screens, and full-color display screens according to their primary colors.

(2) LED display screens can be divided into LED digital display screens, LED dot matrix graphic display screens, and LED video display screens according to the display device.

(3) LED display screens can be divided into indoor display screens, outdoor display screens, LED bar screens, bar curtain walls, various special-shaped screens, cylindrical LED display screens, blinds LED display screens, and inkjet LED display screens according to their usage scenarios.

4. Application of LED light sources in stage lighting art

As a form of visual art, LED stage lighting art has been widely used abroad, but it only began to appear on the stage in China in 2007, and was fully applied and displayed at the opening and closing ceremonies of the 2008 Beijing Olympics. Compared with traditional stage lights, LED has a very rich expressiveness and strong artistic tension; it can simulate real scenes, reproduce nature, and show effect images. It has flexibility that traditional scenery cannot match, and has some light source characteristics possessed by the lighting system. The amount of information obtained by the audience from the image is much greater than the information expressed by the physical carriers of traditional stage art scenery and lighting. The virtual picture it creates gives us room for imagination and achieves a perfect combination of light and shadow with art. Microcomputer-controlled LED stage lighting products can make the fastest light effect combination changes according to the needs of the venue and program to achieve the most perfect lighting atmosphere. This is a brand new experience for the audience. LED technology has provided a brand new display method for the use of lighting in film and television performances and TV studios.

At the previous Beijing International Radio, Film and Television Equipment Exhibition (BIRTV), well-known foreign companies such as Barco, Mitsubishi, and Xiede Media have also displayed the latest equipment such as LED display screens and background walls. The application of LED has expanded from the initial signal indication to a vast space - film and television stage lighting. The addition of LED technology has injected new vitality into film and television stage lighting.

Industry insiders said that the initial installation cost of LED stage lights in performance venues is still much higher than that of traditional lamps, but the maintenance and use costs are much lower than traditional stage lights, and the cost savings on electricity consumption and lighting equipment costs cannot be underestimated. In addition, since LED is a cold light source and generates very little heat, it also reduces the cost of air conditioning, which saves a lot of money. While the whole society is vigorously advocating low-carbon life, the use of LED stage lamps is of great significance to energy conservation and environmental protection.

Of course, as a new light source technology, the current large-scale replacement of traditional stage lamps by LED stage lamps also needs to solve some technical problems, such as glare in front of the camera if used improperly, and the non-adjustable light angle, etc. However, these problems will not hinder the large-scale application of LED stage lamps, because these problems will be continuously improved in the future in terms of design, manufacturing, and application, and ultimately the artistic effect of LED stage lighting will be more perfect and more widely used more quickly.