OSC Classroom | The development and challenges of driverless technology
In recent years, with the increase in automobile production and ownership , traffic congestion and traffic accidents in cities have emerged one after another. More and more technology companies have begun to try to apply automatic control technology to automobiles, and driverless cars have also become an important development direction of the automobile industry.
The driverless car industry is a car armed with computer technology
, information technology
and
intelligent technology
in a network environment
. It can be said to be a mobile robot with the shell and performance of a car. As
part of
the Internet of Things technology
, driverless technology has gradually emerged from its infancy and is on the road to rapid development.
Nowadays, companies such as BMW, Audi, Tesla, and Google are developing their own driverless cars and have begun to put them on the market and into the homes of consumers. In this article, we will discuss the development of driverless technology and the challenges it faces.
Autonomous driving technology is in the development stage
Unmanned driving technology is a
vehicle automated driving technology, and is a smart car technology that integrates modern computer technology and Internet of Things technology.
At this stage, unmanned driving technology can be divided into four stages according to its degree of automation:
Driving assistance stage
At this stage, the degree of automation of the car is low, and the car sensors only play the role of assisting driving. The car will provide the driver with basic driving information and warn the driver in emergency situations such as when the vehicle deviates from the road.
Semi-automated stage
At this stage, the car will issue a warning and be able to autonomously take emergency braking measures if the driver does not take action.
Highly automated stage
This is the stage where driverless cars have been realized and developed. At this stage, the driver can let the car drive automatically under certain conditions (such as unmanned roads).
Fully automated stage
Cars can drive completely autonomously without a driver, which means that the driver can engage in other activities in the car, such as surfing the Internet, working, entertaining or resting. This is also the ultimate goal of the development of driverless technology.
At present, driverless technology is in the third stage: highly automated . The assisted driving technology of the first stage has been basically popularized; the semi-automated technology of the second stage is becoming popular, and related technologies such as emergency automatic braking (AEB) and emergency lane assistance (ELA) are also becoming mature. The future of driverless driving is getting closer and closer to us.
The composition of driverless technology
Unmanned driving technology is mainly composed of sensor networks and computer processing systems . In principle, sensors perceive complex road conditions and surrounding conditions, and use computer processing systems to determine the driving conditions of the vehicle, allowing the electric transmission system to control the mechanical device according to the signal and control the vehicle to perform various actions.
Sensor Networks
It is equivalent to the " eyes " of the driverless car , using various sensors to collect data about the environment and obtain real-time road conditions and driving information. Radar and camera are the main sensors of the car. The former is used to measure the distance between the car and the surrounding objects during driving , while the latter can obtain images of the surrounding environment .
Computer Processing System
It is equivalent to the " brain " of the driverless car , which is the guarantee for the safety and reliability of driverless technology. The powerful computer processing system can accurately calculate the distance to obstacles, handle unexpected situations in time, accurately analyze traffic identification signs, and even intelligent learning etc.
Autonomous driving technology is facing challenges
The recent frequent accidents involving driverless cars have caused the public to doubt the safety of driverless technology. The main reason for the accidents is that the current driverless technology is still in a highly automated stage, and the sensor network and computer processing system are not perfect .
With current technology, we are still unable to produce sensors that have little impact on accuracy in complex situations such as heavy rain and light changes . This is the accuracy challenge faced by unmanned driving technology. At the same time, the real-time image processing system has high requirements for computer configuration, so the development of highly intelligent algorithms and high-performance processors is also an important challenge for the development of unmanned driving.
经过多年的发展，国内外无人驾驶技术取得了显著的进展，但是实际交通环境复杂多变，而且目前 人工智能与人脑智能之间存在较大差距 ，同时 网络传输速度存在滞后 等问题，真正意义上的无人驾驶技术仍处于发展瓶颈阶段。
The current unmanned driving technology has both challenges and opportunities . The full ecological construction and technology integration exploration in the field of unmanned driving can promote the arrival of the fully automated stage. The traffic congestion and traffic accident problems that plague us will be solved, and a beautiful intelligent transportation life will be within reach.
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