A comprehensive technical analysis of Bluetooth low energy
Bluetooth Low Energy is an intelligent, low-power Bluetooth wireless technology that makes smart devices smarter by reducing their size, price and complexity.
How much do you know about this technology? Compared with traditional Bluetooth, why has it become a universal wireless standard for IoT products in such a short time? Let's take a look!
Features of Bluetooth Low Energy
Bluetooth standard module composition
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Lowest power consumption
It is in sleep mode most of the time and will be automatically awakened only when activity occurs.
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High cost-effectiveness and compatibility
Two chipsets are available: dual-mode technology with low-power Bluetooth technology and classic Bluetooth functions, and pure low-power Bluetooth technology optimized for small battery-powered devices.
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Stability, security and reliability
Using adaptive frequency hopping (AFH) technology, the number of channels is reduced to 40 2 MHz wide channels.
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Wireless Coexistence
Wireless LAN, IEEE 802.15.4/Wi-Fi, and many proprietary radios use the unlicensed 2.4 GHz Industrial Scientific Medical (ISM) band.
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Connection range
The wireless chipset achieves a connection range of up to 300 meters with a 10 dBm wireless power (the maximum power of Bluetooth low energy).
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Ease of use and integration
A Bluetooth Low Energy piconet is typically based on a master device connected to multiple slave devices. A new "broadcast" feature allows slave devices to tell the master that they need to send data.
Technical details of Bluetooth Low Energy
Comparison between Bluetooth Low Energy and Classic Bluetooth
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data transmission
Supports very small data packets at 1Mbps. All connections use advanced low power listening mode for ultra-low duty cycle.
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Frequency Hopping
Minimizes interference with other technologies in the 2.4 GHz ISM band. Efficient multipathing increases link budget and effective operating range while also optimizing power consumption.
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Host Control
The host can stay in sleep mode for a long time and wake up only when it needs to execute. This achieves maximum energy saving.
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Latency
Supports connection setup and data transfer within 3 milliseconds.
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distance
The increase in modulation index allows the maximum distance of Bluetooth low energy to reach over 100 meters.
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stability
A strong 24-bit CRC is used on all packets to ensure optimal immunity to interference.
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Strong network security
Full AES-128 encryption using CCM provides strong packet encryption and authentication.
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Topology
Using a 32-bit access address on each packet of the slave device allows billions of devices to be connected. This technology is optimized for one-to-one connections, while a star topology will be used for one-to-many connections.
Exhibition application examples
Beacon application example diagram
Games – By rewarding showgoers for using Bluetooth Low Energy to find Beacons placed in certain locations, exhibitors can attract these visitors to actively walk to areas that are not well-received.
Sponsorship – Using Beacons to push notifications to attendees to encourage them to check out nearby booths as they pass through specific areas of the show can be a premium service provided to sponsors, generating additional revenue.
Heatmaps – Beacons can capture real-time statistics, identify hot spots and notify event managers of locations where crowds are too high and could pose a safety hazard.
Content Distribution – No more waiting for meeting slides to be emailed to attendees. BLE Beacons can automatically deliver slides, eBooks, and other materials during or immediately after a meeting.
Automatic Check-in – Event organizers can easily obtain information about the number of attendees at an event or exhibition and view their personal profiles in real time by setting up Beacons that simulate check-in at the venue entrance. Users do not need to be present.
Bluetooth low energy has a mature ecosystem.
Cypress
AR
Cortex-M0 PSoC 4 Bluetooth low energy processor
is a monolithic Bluetooth low energy chip that integrates analog front end, digital logic, CapSense, and BLE radio. And
Cypress E
Z-BLE PRoC module
is a certified fully integrated programmable Bluetooth low energy module. You can choose one according to your needs to speed up the hardware and software development of BLE devices!
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