Aiming at the problem of uneven energy consumption distribution of wireless sensor network nodes, a load balancing topology control algorithm is proposed. The algorithm regards nodes as data forwarding nodes, takes the distance between nodes and the remaining energy of nodes as the basis for topology construction, and assigns certain node degree constraints to nodes with less remaining energy, so as to balance the network load and solve the problem of excessive energy consumption caused by overload of some nodes in the network, effectively extending the network life cycle. Keywords: wireless sensor network; topology control; load balancing; local minimum spanning tree
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