This paper studies a high-sensitivity current sensor based on an all-fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer. One arm of the interferometer passes through a thin metal tube. A direct current is passed through the thin metal tube. The thermal effect of the current is used to tune the length difference of the two arms of the interferometer, thereby realizing a phase-modulated current sensor. In the experiment, the wavelength calibration method is used to eliminate environmental interference. When the direct current changes in the range of 0 to 1.8A, the movement of a specific wavelength in the interference spectrum is proportional to the electric power. The linear fit is 0.9987, the maximum wavelength movement is 32nm, and the tuning rate is 19.47nmöW. Keywords: Mach-Zehnder interferometer; current sensing; phase modulation; thermal effect
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