In recent years, the application of remote sensing of atmospheric, oceanic and terrestrial soil moisture has put forward higher and higher requirements on the spatial resolution of passive microwave remote sensors. However, when the resolution of traditional microwave radiation imaging technology reaches a certain level, the residence time of the beam in each resolution pixel becomes shorter and shorter, which affects the measurement resolution of the radiation brightness temperature. This makes it impossible to use traditional scanning imaging technology to improve the spatial resolution. This article reviews in detail a new microwave radiation imaging technology developed in recent years - interferometric passive microwave imaging technology (or synthetic aperture microwave radiation imaging technology). When explaining its principle, a novel entry point is adopted, starting from the spatial spectrum characteristics of the observed target and how to sample it, trying to reveal the basic principles of interferometric radiation imaging technology from another perspective and make it more systematic. When introducing the actual imaging system, the focus is on the two-dimensional imaging system, among which the clock scanning imaging method and the pseudo-polar grid image inversion method are the author\'s latest research results.
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