CNC systems have been widely used in the industrial and mining fields. Computer numerical control systems process and calculate digital information and convert it into pulse signals to control stepper motors, thereby controlling the movements of CNC machine tools and parts processing. With the development of embedded technology, we can design smaller, lower-cost, and more specific embedded systems to complete the work done by traditional computer numerical control systems. Stepper motors have become important executive components in CNC systems due to their high precision, flexible control, accurate positioning, rapid start and stop, reliable operation, and ability to directly receive digital signals. However, according to the characteristics of stepper motors, appropriate and effective speed control strategies must be adopted, especially in systems with multiple motor linkages. The speed control and pulse distribution of multiple motor linkages are also worth studying. In this article, the author will introduce an optimization algorithm for speed control and pulse distribution of three-axis linkage, as well as its implementation in a high-speed CNC engraving machine control system based on FPGA and ARM. In this article, it can also be seen that in order to reduce the pressure on the main control MCU in this system, the author will also use FPGA to design a peripheral customized controller for the speed control and pulse distribution optimization algorithm for multi-motor linkage. The final experimental results show that the optimization algorithm proposed by the author and its implementation in this system fully meet the various design performance indicators of the high-speed CNC engraving machine control system proposed by the customer.
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