Power supply management specifications and applications

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Power supply management specifications and applications [Copy link]

Human economic activities have reached the industrial economy era and are entering a period of rapid development of high-tech industries. Power supply is a power supply device located between the mains (single-phase or three-phase) and the load, providing high-quality electric energy to the load, and is the foundation of industry.
Power supply technology is a multidisciplinary cross-cutting technology that applies power semiconductor devices, integrates power conversion technology, modern electronic technology, and automatic control technology. With the development of science and technology, power supply technology is closely related to many fields such as modern control theory, materials science, electrical engineering, and microelectronics technology. At present, power supply technology has gradually developed into a comprehensive technical discipline with multidisciplinary mutual penetration. It plays a key role in providing high-quality, high-efficiency, and high-reliability power supply for modern communications, electronic instruments, computers, industrial automation, power engineering, national defense, and some high-tech technologies.

Many contemporary high-tech technologies are related to the transformation and control of basic parameters such as voltage, current, frequency, phase, and waveform of the mains. Power supply technology can achieve precise control and efficient processing of these parameters, especially the frequency conversion of high-power electric energy, thus providing strong support for the development of many high-tech technologies. Therefore, power supply technology is not only a high-tech technology itself, but also the development foundation of many other high-tech technologies. The further development of power supply technology and its industry will surely provide important means for greatly saving electric energy, reducing material consumption and improving production efficiency, and will have a profound impact on modern production and modern life.

Power supply has now become a very important basic science and industry. From daily life to the most advanced technology, it is inseparable from the participation and support of power supply technology. Power supply technology has also developed step by step in this environment.

2 Innovation of power supply technology

At the end of 1947, transistors came out. Less than ten years later, silicon-controlled rectifiers (SCR, now called thyristors) came out on the basis of the gradual maturity of transistors, thus opening the prelude to the rapid development of power supply technology. Over the past half century, the development of power supply technology has been constantly innovating.

2.1 High-frequency conversion is the mainstream of the development

of power supply technology. The essence of power supply technology is power conversion, that is, using power conversion technology to convert primary power sources such as city electricity or batteries into secondary power sources suitable for various power users. Switching power supplies occupy an important position in power supply technology. From 20kHz to high-frequency switching power supplies with high stability, large capacity, small size, and switching frequency reaching megahertz, they provide a material basis for high-frequency conversion and promote the prosperity and development of modern power supply technology. The most direct benefit of high frequency is to reduce the consumption of raw materials, miniaturize the power supply device, speed up the dynamic response of the system, further improve the efficiency of the power supply device, effectively suppress environmental noise pollution, and enable the power supply to enter a wider field, especially the high-tech field, further expanding its application range.

2.2 Guidance of new theories and new technologies

Circuit topology theories such as resonant conversion, phase-shift resonance, zero-switching PWM, and zero-transition PWM; new technologies such as power factor correction, active clamping, parallel current sharing, synchronous rectification, high-frequency magnetic amplifier, high-speed programming, remote sensing and remote control, and microcomputer monitoring have guided the development of modern power supply technology.

2.3 Support of new devices and new materials

Insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), power field effect transistors (MOSFETs), intelligent IGBT power modules (IPMs), MOS gate-controlled thyristors (MCTs), electrostatic induction transistors (SITs), ultrafast recovery diodes, non-inductive capacitors, non-inductive resistors, new ferrites, amorphous and microcrystalline soft magnetic alloys, nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloys and other components are equipped with modern power supply technology to promote product upgrading.

2.4 Intelligent

control The control circuit, drive circuit, and protection circuit use integrated components. The control circuit is fully digital. The control means use software control methods composed of microprocessors and single-chip microcomputers, which has achieved a high degree of intelligence and further improved the reliability of power supply equipment.

2.5 Modularization and integration of power supply circuits

The characteristics of the development of power supply technology are modularization and integration of power supply circuits. Monolithic power supplies and module power supplies replace the whole machine power supply, and power integration technology simplifies the structure of the power supply. It has been widely used in communications and electricity, and a new power supply system - distributed power supply has been derived, making the centralized power supply system diversified.

2.6 Standards and specifications for power supply equipment For

power supply equipment to enter the market, today's market is an integrated market that transcends regions and penetrates the world. It must comply with common standards such as energy, environment, electromagnetic compatibility, and trade agreements. Power supply equipment manufacturers must accept certification of various standards and specifications such as safety, EMC, environment, and quality systems.

3 Development of power supply technology

With the development of science and technology, the requirements for power supply technology are getting higher and higher, the specifications and varieties are increasing, the technical difficulty is increasing, and the academic fields involved are getting wider and wider. The objects of application of special power supply (or industrial power supply) are diverse, novel and complex, requiring special power supply equipment to not only ensure the perfection of internal performance, but also to give it a variety of specific external characteristics and external interface methods. This determines that special power supply technology must absorb the essence of many disciplines and integrate scientific and technological achievements from all walks of life. Special power supply input is mostly AC mains, and output is DC, AC or pulse form.