What knowledge points do you need to learn for embedded low-level development?

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What knowledge points do you need to learn for embedded low-level development? [Copy link]

Embedded low-level development is a broad and in-depth field, which involves multiple different technical directions. For example, kernel and driver development, system transplantation, ARM development, each of which has its own specific knowledge points and technical requirements.

Kernel and driver development

1. Operating System Principles: Understand the internal working principles of the operating system, including process management, memory management, file system, input and output system, etc.
2. C language: Mastering C language is a must because most embedded systems and kernel codes are written in C language.
3. Data structures and algorithms: A good foundation in data structures and algorithms can help you better understand and design complex kernel modules.
4. Hardware knowledge: Understand computer architecture, especially processor architecture (such as ARM, x86, etc.).
5. Driver Development: Become familiar with the device driver model and understand how to write and debug drivers.
6. Kernel debugging skills: Learn to use tools such as GDB and JTAG for kernel-level debugging.
7. Real-time operating system (RTOS): For application scenarios that require real-time response, it is very important to understand the working mechanism of RTOS.

System transplant

1. Setting up a cross-compilation environment: Learn to build cross-compilation tool chains for different target platforms.
2. Bootloader: Understand how bootloaders like U-Boot work and how to configure them.
3. File system: Be familiar with the characteristics and usage of various embedded file systems (such as YAFFS2, JFFS2, EXT4, etc.).
4. Device Tree: For modern Linux kernels, it is necessary to understand the concept and configuration of device tree.
5. Hardware adaptation: Ability to adjust and optimize system settings according to the characteristics of the target hardware platform.
6. Performance tuning: Master optimization techniques in aspects such as system startup time and memory usage.

ARM Development

1. ARM Architecture: Gain an in-depth understanding of the different versions of the ARM architecture (such as ARMv7, ARMv8, etc.) and the differences between them.
2. Assembly language: Although most code is now written in high-level languages, knowing some ARM assembly is still helpful for low-level development.
3. Embedded Linux: ARM processors are widely used in embedded Linux, so it is necessary to be familiar with the development process under Linux.
4. Power Management: Learn about the power management features in ARM processors, which is especially important for mobile devices.
5. Multi-core programming: With the popularity of multi-core processors, mastering multi-threaded programming and parallel processing techniques becomes increasingly important.

The above are the knowledge points that need to be learned for several main directions in embedded low-level development.

led2015

Involving knowledge in computer science, electronic engineering, programming, etc.

秦天qintian0303

Is this the bottom layer from the chip manufacturer? Or is it the product-level bottom layer?

Verifone

There are too many fields involved, such as algorithms, single chip microcomputers, control systems, computer languages, and chip information. However, if you just want to apply it, you don’t have to think too much. There are many ready-made cases that you can learn from.

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