The difference between IPV4 and IPV6 of TCP/IP protocol

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The difference between IPV4 and IPV6 of TCP/IP protocol [Copy link]

IPV4
IPv4 is the fourth version of the Internet Protocol (IP), and is also the first widely used protocol that forms the cornerstone of today's Internet technology. Jon Postel defined IP in RFC791 in 1981. Ipv4 can run on a variety of underlying networks, such as end-to-end serial data links (PPP and SLIP), satellite links, etc. The most commonly used in local area networks is Ethernet.
The traditional TCP/IP protocol based on IPV4 belongs to the second generation of Internet technology, and the core technology belongs to the United States. Its biggest problem is that network address resources are limited. Theoretically, it can address 16 million networks and 4 billion hosts. However, after adopting the three types of addressing methods, A, B, and C, the number of available network addresses and host addresses has been greatly reduced, so that IP addresses have been exhausted. North America accounts for 3/4, about 3 billion, while Asia, with the largest population, has less than 400 million. As of June 2010, the number of IPv4 addresses in China reached 250 million, lagging behind the needs of 420 million Internet users. Although some buffering has been achieved by using technologies such as dynamic IP and NAT address translation, the exhaustion of IPV4 addresses has become an indisputable fact. Here, experts have proposed the Internet technology of IPV6, which is also being promoted, but it will take a long transition period from the use of IPV4 to IPV6. China mainly uses ip4. There is already an ipv6 protocol in win7, but it may not be used by Chinese users for a long time. The
traditional TCP/IP protocol is based on telephone broadband and the electrical characteristics of Ethernet. Its packetization principle and inspection occupy a large proportion of the data packet, resulting in low transmission efficiency. The network is developing towards the direction of all-fiber network high-speed Ethernet, and the TCP/IP protocol cannot meet its development needs. In
1983, the TCP/IP protocol was adopted by ARPAnet until it developed into the later Internet. At that time, only a few hundred computers were connected to each other. By 1989, the number of networked computers exceeded 100,000, and a 1.5Mbit/s backbone network appeared in the same year. Because IANA allocated large tracts of address space to some companies and research institutions, some people worried in the early 1990s that the IP address space would be insufficient within 10 years, which led to the development of IPv6.
IPv6
IPv6 is the abbreviation of Internet Protocol Version 6, where Internet Protocol is translated as "Internet Protocol". IPv6 is the next-generation IP protocol designed by IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) to replace the current version of IP protocol (IPv4).
Compared with IPV4, IPV6 has the following advantages:
1. IPv6 has a larger address space. IPv4 stipulates that the length of IP address is 32, that is, there are 2^32-1 (the symbol ^ indicates the rising power, the same below) addresses; while the length of IP address in IPv6 is 128, that is, there are 2^128-1 addresses.
2. IPv6 uses a smaller routing table. The address allocation of IPv6 follows the principle of aggregation from the beginning, which enables the router to use one record (Entry) in the routing table to represent a subnet, greatly reducing the length of the routing table in the router and improving the speed of the router forwarding data packets.
3. IPv6 adds enhanced multicast support and flow control, which gives multimedia applications on the network a great opportunity to develop and provides a good network platform for quality of service (QoS) control. 4. IPv6 adds support
for auto configuration. This is an improvement and extension of the DHCP protocol, making network (especially LAN) management more convenient and faster.
5. IPv6 has higher security. When using an IPv6 network, users can encrypt network layer data and verify IP packets, which greatly enhances network security.