Stepper Motor Control

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Here is a very simple stepper motor motion control, and it is suitable for friends who have never used stepper motors. There are many problems in using stepper motors. Following these steps, you can easily realize the control of stepper motors by yourself. Tools/Materials To realize the control of the stepper motor, you must first have the following equipment: 1. Stepper Motor 2. Stepper Motor Driver 3. Controller 4. Switching Power Supply 5. Induction Switch Methods/Steps Correctly Select Equipment: 1. Select stepper motor: Select the appropriate stepper motor according to the required torque, speed and other data. The stepper motor should select the appropriate working voltage. It is usually more appropriate to select DC 24V, which is easy to share a switching power supply with the controller. 2. Stepper motor driver: The stepper motor driver must be used in conjunction with the stepper motor. Therefore, when purchasing a stepper motor, it is best to match the driver at the same time to reduce future troubles. The stepper motor driver should have a pulse + direction control method. 3. Controller: You can choose the controller of the meter control TPC8-8TD. Why choose this controller? Because this controller is very convenient to use, it is more commonly used, and the information is relatively complete. Using the table setting method, no programming is required, and general personnel can also use it, which can significantly speed up the development progress and reduce unnecessary troubles. The wiring is also very simple. You can refer to the wiring schematic diagram for wiring, which should be relatively smooth. 4. Switching power supply: Remember the experience I said, try to use a switching power supply for the power supply of the stepper motor. This is a voltage-stabilized power supply that works in a switching mode. It is a power supply that converts AC 220V into DC voltage and is specifically used for industrial control. It has strong anti-interference ability and allows a wide range of fluctuations in the input power supply. It can be used for stepper motors and controllers. Try to choose a switching power supply with a DC 24V output. The current size is selected according to the load size. The current is the sum of all load currents, leaving a certain margin. For example: the stepper motor is 3A, the control load current is 2A, and the switching power supply is selected from 6A to 8A, and the power is about 150 watts to 200 watts. 6. When using a stepper motor, at least one induction switch is generally required for the origin, positioning, limit and other action controls. The number of induction switches should be selected according to actual needs. Induction switches include magnetic switches, proximity switches, photoelectric switches, laser switches, etc., which can be selected completely according to needs. The most suitable type can be considered based on factors such as installation location, detection distance, size, accuracy, etc. The power supply voltage of the induction switch is DC 24V NPN normally open. It can be easily matched with the input end of the meter control. Preliminary debugging: (performed in front of the computer) 1. Performing preliminary debugging in front of the computer is a shortcut to debugging, but the debugging work is convenient, fast and smooth. 2. Connect the controller to the power supply, plug the data cable into the computer USB port, and plug the other end into the controller download interface. 3. Install the function setting table of the meter control, which only takes 1 minute. 4. Test connection: Turn on the switch power, click the "Connect" button on the function setting table, and click the "Download" button after the connection is successful. At this time, the empty table is downloaded successfully, and the preliminary preparations are ready. 5. According to the setting examples in the table control manual or the setting examples, set the simplest example on the function setting table. You can start with one row. The setting of one row will be successful in a blink of an eye, which will enhance your confidence. For preliminary debugging, you can observe the output indicator light on the table control panel. The indicator light corresponds to the actual work. Each output needs an indicator light. The indicator light is on for output, and the indicator light is off for output closure. 6. Observe the indicator lights to complete the preliminary action debugging. After turning off the power, connect the stepper motor to the driver. Refer to the manufacturer's wiring diagram to connect the stepper motor. The controller pulse output and direction output terminals are connected to the low end of the driver's signal input. The controller's 5V output terminal is connected to the high end of the stepper motor driver input signal. Connect the power supply wiring of the driver. 7. Set the driver's subdivision. Many beginners don't know how to set the subdivision. This step should be taken seriously. The subdivision can be set to a moderate level during debugging. For the same pulse output frequency, the larger the subdivision, the slower the speed, and the smaller the subdivision, the higher the speed. Put the subdivision at a moderate position. Now the first thing is to make the motor rotate first, and then fine-tune the subdivision according to the actual situation. 8. Check the wiring. After confirming that the wiring is correct, turn on the switch power supply and run the program just debugged. If the stepper motor turns to the state of the output terminal that brings you a surprise, the motor can reverse. This proves that the stepper motor wiring is correct and the function settings are normal. b]On-site debugging: 1. After completing the preliminary debugging in front of the computer, you can go to the on-site equipment wiring and then conduct joint debugging. Soft Yahei]2. Pay attention to equipment safety and personal safety during debugging. 3. The transmission part, subdivision, and motor speed should be determined and debugged according to actual requirements. The speed, subdivision, and torque should be taken into consideration and reasonable. Knowledge related to stepper motor: 1. Setting the number of pulses: The number of pulses can be used to control the size or angle of operation of the stepper motor. The number of pulses required for each rotation of the stepper motor is fixed. For example, the number of pulses per rotation with a step angle of 1.8° is 1.8°X 360°=200 pulses. Therefore, if the number of pulses is set to 200, the stepper motor will make exactly one rotation. 2. Segmentation related: In actual use, it is necessary to set the subdivision number of the stepper motor driver. The number of pulses remains unchanged when the subdivision number is 1. If the subdivision number is 10, the required number of pulses should be multiplied by 10. For example, 200X10 times = 2000 pulses are required for a step angle of 1.8. Therefore, when the subdivision number is 10, 2000 pulses are required for the stepper motor to rotate one circle. Choosing the right subdivision is conducive to improving the vibration and noise of the stepper motor during operation, making the operation smoother, the torque performance better, and the control accuracy relatively improved. Related data and calculations: 1. The pitch of the lead screw refers to the distance between every two threads of the lead screw, such as a pitch of 5mm. 2. The step angle of the motor refers to the angle at which a pulse drives the stepper motor to rotate, such as a motor with a step angle of 1.8 degrees, one turn requires: 360 degrees × 1.8 degrees = 200 pulses. 3. The subdivision of the driver refers to: dividing the step angle into N equal parts, such as 8 subdivisions means dividing the step angle of 1.8 degrees into 8 parts. After subdivision, each step of the motor is 1.8 degrees ÷ 8 subdivisions = 0.225 degrees. One turn requires: 360 degrees ÷ 0.225 degrees = 1600 pulses. 4. The motor parameters refer to: the length of each step. The lead screw with a pitch of 5mm moves 5mm per turn. Each step is 5mm ÷ 1600 pulses = 0.003125mm (step). 5. Pulse equivalent: The number of pulses required for every 1mm traveled. Divide 1mm by the motor parameters to get the pulse equivalent. For example: 1mm÷0.003125mm=320 pulses (stepping). 6. Actual length calculation: For example, the running length is 100mm, calculate: 100mmX320 pulses=32000 pulses. 8 degrees = 200 pulses. 3. The subdivision of the driver means: divide the step angle into N equal parts. For example, 8 subdivisions means dividing the step angle of 1.8 degrees into 8 parts. After subdivision, each step of the motor is 1.8 degrees ÷ 8 subdivisions = 0.225 degrees. One revolution requires: 360 degrees ÷ 0.225 degrees = 1600 pulses. 4. Motor parameters refer to the length of each step. A lead screw with a pitch of 5mm moves 5mm per turn, so each step is 5mm÷1600 pulses=0.003125mm (step). 5. Pulse equivalent: The number of pulses required for each 1mm traveled. Divide 1mm by the motor parameters to get the pulse equivalent. For example: 1mm÷0.003125mm=320 pulses (step). 6. Actual length calculation: For example, the running length is 100mm, calculation: 100mmX320 pulses=32000 pulses.8 degrees = 200 pulses. 3. The subdivision of the driver means: divide the step angle into N equal parts. For example, 8 subdivisions means dividing the step angle of 1.8 degrees into 8 parts. After subdivision, each step of the motor is 1.8 degrees ÷ 8 subdivisions = 0.225 degrees. One revolution requires: 360 degrees ÷ 0.225 degrees = 1600 pulses. 4. Motor parameters refer to the length of each step. A lead screw with a pitch of 5mm moves 5mm per turn, so each step is 5mm÷1600 pulses=0.003125mm (step). 5. Pulse equivalent: The number of pulses required for each 1mm traveled. Divide 1mm by the motor parameters to get the pulse equivalent. For example: 1mm÷0.003125mm=320 pulses (step). 6. Actual length calculation: For example, the running length is 100mm, calculation: 100mmX320 pulses=32000 pulses.

newdrive

Thanks for sharing

英尚微电子

黄金蟒

I'm a newbie who wants to learn stepper motor control, but I don't know where to start. Please give me some advice.

trinamic

TMC5130/5160 integrates control and drive, and only 5 or 6 instructions are needed to control the speed or position of the stepper motor.