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Fully discrete LM324

Overview

The LM324 operational amplifier is made of fully discrete components. Four independent operational amplifiers share a constant current source.

Power supply range: single 3 to ±15V, quiescent current: 1.1-1.5, mA

Compared with the original version, a current source is omitted. At the same time, in order to prevent oversaturation, measures have been taken to prevent oversaturation. A diode is installed between the base of the intermediate-stage N-tube follower and the collector of the N-tube common-emitter amplifier stage. , limiting the saturation depth and the current through the base of the amplifier tube, effectively limiting the overall power consumption, but losing some output range,

Actual effective output range: VCC-1.4V, VEE+1.4V

Under the action of current source, the output range can reach VEE (only 50uA)

Design Files

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Update:2024-11-15 01:20:30

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