Overview of air conditioning automatic control system 2

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Overview of air conditioning automatic control system 2 [Copy link]

Composition

The automatic control system is composed of sensors, controllers, and executive adjustment mechanisms. The main components are:

(1) Sensor

Sensor is also called sensitive element or transmitter. The parameter that needs to be adjusted is called the adjusted parameter. The sensor senses the size of the adjusted parameter and sends a signal to the regulator in time. If the signal sent by the sensitive element does not match the signal required by the regulator, the transmitter needs to be used to convert the signal sent by the sensitive element into the standard signal required by the regulator. Therefore, the input of the sensor is the adjusted parameter and the output is the detection signal. There are many types of sensors, which can be divided into temperature sensors, relative humidity sensors, pressure and differential pressure sensors, enthalpy and moisture content transmitters, etc.

(2) Controller

It receives the signal output by the sensor and compares it with the given value, and sends an adjustment signal to the actuator according to the set control mode. The difference between the measured value and the given value of the adjusted parameter at any time is called the deviation. The controller calculates the deviation according to a certain mode and gives the adjustment amount.

Common control modes are:

Double-position control - switch control (such as differential pressure switch, flow switch, etc.);

Proportional control (P) - the adjustment amount is proportional to the deviation;

Integral control (I) - the adjustment amount is proportional to the integral of the deviation over time;

Derivative control (D) - the adjustment amount is proportional to the derivative of the deviation with respect to time. (3) Executing and regulating mechanism The executing and regulating mechanism drives the regulating mechanism according to the regulating signal from the controller. For example, the contactor, the motor of the electric valve, the electromagnet of the solenoid valve, the pneumatic diaphragm part, etc. are all actuators.

The regulating mechanism is closely connected with the executing mechanism, and sometimes they are combined into a whole, which is called the executing regulating mechanism. Such as the valve for regulating air volume, the valve on the cold and hot medium pipeline, the electric heater, etc.

Features

The automation of the air conditioning system can not only improve the regulation quality, reduce the consumption of cold and heat, and save energy, but also reduce the labor intensity, reduce the number of operators, and improve the labor productivity and technical management level. The degree of automation of the air conditioning system is also an important aspect reflecting the advancement of air conditioning technology. Therefore, with the development of automatic adjustment technology and electronic technology, the automatic adjustment of air conditioning systems will be more widely used.

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