ISO 26262: Automotive functional safety standard for ensuring driving safety

Safety requirements definition: According to the determined ASIL level, the corresponding safety requirements are formulated. These requirements describe the safety performance of the system in various situations and the safety measures that need to be taken.

Security goals: Define security goals for each security requirement. These goals guide subsequent design and development activities to ensure that the system meets security requirements.

Safety confirmation: During the design and development process, safety confirmation is required to verify whether the system meets safety requirements and goals. This can be achieved through testing, simulation, analysis and other methods.

Safety verification: Safety verification is performed to ensure that the system can meet safety requirements under various circumstances. Verification can include fault injection testing, system-level testing, etc.

Documentation and records: Throughout the security analysis process, documents and records need to be generated to review and track security activities. These documents can be used to verify the compliance of the development process.

Safety analysis is an important step in ensuring the functional safety of automotive electronic and electrical systems. It helps development teams identify potential hazardous situations and take appropriate measures to reduce risks. These analyses and activities are carried out throughout the development lifecycle, from the concept stage to system retirement.

5. Verification and Validation

Safety confirmation: Before verification and confirmation, safety confirmation is required to ensure that the system design has achieved the predetermined safety goals and requirements. This can be achieved through system-level testing, analysis, and simulation.

Functional safety testing: Various tests need to be performed to verify the safety performance of the system. These tests may cover the system behavior in normal operation and fault conditions. Testing can include functional testing, boundary condition testing, fault injection testing, etc.

Fault injection testing: This is a testing method that evaluates the reaction and fault tolerance of a system by introducing faults into the system. The goal is to ensure that the system can detect and handle fault conditions correctly.

System-level testing: Testing the entire system to verify the safety performance of the system under various operating conditions. This can include testing that simulates actual driving conditions, testing in different environments, etc.

Simulation and Modeling: Using simulation and modeling tools, systems can be virtually tested, simulating various situations to evaluate the behavior and performance of the system. This helps to identify potential problems before actual testing.

Safety Analysis: During the verification and validation process, a safety analysis may be required to evaluate the system's behavior under various fault and hazardous conditions. This helps confirm the system's fault tolerance and failure handling capabilities.

Confirm the test environment: The accuracy and reliability of the test environment need to be confirmed to ensure that the test results reliably reflect the behavior of the system in the actual environment.

Confirm test results: Analyze the test results to ensure that the system meets the security goals and requirements. If problems are found, take appropriate corrective actions.

Safety confirmation documentation: Relevant documentation of safety confirmation needs to be generated to record test methods, results, analysis and conclusions in order to review and track verification and confirmation activities.

6. Prospects and Future

As technology continues to evolve, automotive electronic systems are also constantly changing. Therefore, the standard emphasizes continuous adaptability and improvement to address new risks and challenges. This includes monitoring, evolution and updating of the system.

Although ISO 26262 brings many benefits to the automotive industry, its implementation also faces some challenges. The complexity and cost of the standard may increase development time and cost. In addition, emerging technologies such as autonomous driving also bring higher safety requirements.

The ISO 26262 standard is of great significance in the modern automotive field. It provides manufacturers, suppliers and developers with a systematic approach to ensure the safety and compliance of automotive electronic systems. By focusing on the safety lifecycle, safety levels and continuous improvement, the ISO 26262 standard creates a safer travel environment for drivers, passengers and other participants on the road, while also laying a solid foundation for the future development of automotive technology.