Regulations and standards for automotive millimeter wave radars Radar equipment products Radio equipment technology

Frequency of use of automotive millimeter wave radar

In my country, there are several frequency bands related to automotive millimeter-wave radars:

24-24.25 GHz; (first segment) 24.25-26.65 GHz; (second segment) 76-77 GHz; (third segment) 76-79 GHz; (fourth segment)

The first section: 24-24.25 GHz, in my country, it is a Class H device belonging to micro-power short-range equipment, what does it mean? According to "Announcement No. 52 of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China in 2019", the production or import of radio transmission equipment that is included in and meets the "Catalogue and Technical Requirements for Micro-power Short-range Radio Transmitter Equipment" (see attachment) for sale and use in China does not require a radio frequency use license, radio station license, or radio transmission equipment model approval, but must comply with product quality and other laws and regulations, national standards and relevant national radio management regulations. Class H equipment should comply with:

Use frequency: 24-24.25GHz; Transmit power limit: 20mW (eirp)

The second section: 24.25-26.65 GHz, this section is specified by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology in Document No. 548 in 2012 for short-range vehicle-mounted radar equipment, with a bandwidth of at least 500MHz. However, the World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-15) in 2015 made a relevant resolution to divide the 76-81GHz frequency band into a globally coordinated frequency band for automotive radar. Moreover, at the World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-19) in 2019, the 24.25-27.5GHz frequency band was divided into a globally coordinated 5G millimeter wave frequency band. Some countries in the world have gradually guided the use of automotive radars to migrate to the higher 77GHz frequency band.

Therefore, my country also issued Document No. 181 in 2021, planning 76-79 GHz for automotive radar. That is the fourth section mentioned above: 76-79 GHz. The document specifically emphasizes that this frequency band is used for automotive radar, and the main usage scenarios include adaptive cruise control, collision avoidance, blind spot detection, lane change assistance, parking assistance, rear vehicle warning, pedestrian detection, etc. Unless otherwise specified by the national radio management agency, this frequency band cannot be used for other types of land-based radars, nor can it be used for radars mounted on aircraft (including drones, balloons, airships, etc.).

So what about the third paragraph: 76-77 GHz? This has to start with Document No. 423 in 2005, which is the early notice of "Technical Requirements for Micropower (Short-range) Radio Equipment". In addition to stipulating that 24-24.25 GHz is a Class G device for general micropower (short-range) radio transmission equipment, which can be used for automotive radar, it also stipulates that 76-77 GHz is used for vehicle ranging radar. The specific requirements are as follows:

Operating frequency: 76-77GHz; peak equivalent isotropic radiated power limit: 55dBm

However, in Document No. 52 of 2019, the updated "Catalog and Technical Requirements for Micropower Short-range Radio Transmitter Equipment", although the 24-24.25 GHz frequency band was retained, the 76-77 GHz frequency band was deleted from the catalog. Then in Document No. 181 of 2021, the 76-79 GHz frequency band was redefined for automotive radar, expanding the available frequency range.

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Application and handling of new and old equipment

According to the provisions of Document No. 181, automotive radar refers to a mobile radio station for radio positioning services that is a part of a motor vehicle and is loaded and tested for functionality and safety before the motor vehicle leaves the factory, providing auxiliary means for intelligent driving of motor vehicles.

There is no need to apply for a radio station license when setting up and using automotive radars in the 76-79GHz frequency band, but the requirements of the laws, regulations and national standards of the national road traffic safety, market supervision and other administrative departments regarding automobile performance, safe driving, product quality, etc. must be complied with, and the national regulations on electromagnetic environment radiation limits must be met.

The production or import of automotive radar equipment for sale and use in China shall comply with the "Radio Frequency Technical Requirements for Automotive Radar" (see Appendix 1) and apply to the national radio regulatory agency for approval of the radio transmission equipment model.

So, how to deal with the equipment using the original frequency? The new document No. 181 will be implemented from March 1, 2022. If the previous relevant regulations are inconsistent with the 181 regulations, the 181 regulations shall prevail.

The specific situation is as follows (assuming that all equipment complies with the technical requirements of the documents at that time):

24-24.25 GHz; (can still be used) 24.25-26.65 GHz; (no new equipment will be accepted and approved, the original equipment will be used until it is scrapped) 76-77 GHz; (the original micro-power equipment will be used until it is scrapped) 76-79 GHz; (new automotive millimeter wave radar equipment will be produced and applied for in this frequency band)

The above information is compiled and released by Yingli Testing (Teslab). Welcome to discuss. We have been paying attention to the development in this area. Please indicate the source if you quote it.

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